Traditional techniques for making controlled - release solutions (for things like medications, vitamins, flavoring agents and pest - control products) create non-uniform particles that can lead to variable delivery; Orbis» technology creates
microspheres of an exact uniform size, allowing for highly precise release rates and dosage control.
Finally,
microspheres can create polypeptides using polynucleotides as templates in a reverse of the process that formed the polynucleotides in the first place.
Current research in protenoid
microsphere research is revealing the mechanisms by which DNA / RNA has evolved.
Microspheres are then able to use proteinoids as templates to make polynucleotides, which are themselves nonrandom because specific three - nucleotide sequences bind preferentially to specific amino acids.
They can include ingredients such as hyaluronic acid, poly - L - lactic acid, calcium hydroxylapatite, or polycaprolactone
microspheres.
The pores give
the microspheres a high surface area, which allows capacitors made of the material to store more charge.
Adding
the microspheres to a potassium hydroxide solution and heating it again at up to 800 °C corroded their surfaces, leaving behind a black powder covered in minuscule pores.
Haro Hartounian, a specialist in drug - delivery technologies at DepoTech in San Diego, predicts that
microspheres will prove more potent than traditional booster shots and — by eliminating that second visit to the doctor — could lower the cost.
To mimic a booster shot,
the microspheres had to be designed to survive for months in the body, then quickly release vaccine.
Molecules ranging in length (L) from 22 to 84 micrometers were held stationary against the flow by the optical trapping of a latex
microsphere attached to one end.
The investigators ran a series of standard electrochemical tests on the porous
microspheres to quantify their potential for use in electronic devices.
These microspheres were then treated with a solution of potassium hydroxide and heated by increasing the temperature in a series of jumps from 450 to 800 C.
The chemical treatment corrodes the surface of the carbon
microspheres, making them extremely porous.
The final product, a black carbon powder, has a very high surface area due to the presence of many tiny pores that have been chemically etched on the surface of
the microspheres.
This produced a powder composed of tiny carbon
microspheres.
The supercapacitive properties of the porous carbon
microspheres made from phoenix tree leaves are higher than those reported for carbon powders derived from other biowaste materials.
The typical wavelength - dependent response of
a microsphere is a sharp, symmetric peak centered on the resonant wavelength of the cavity.
If
these microspheres could prevent those infections from happening in the first place, this would be a significant advancement.»
Made of biodegradable polymers, the antibiotics are gradually released over a period of weeks and eventually
the microspheres dissolve, allowing sufficient time to prevent or treat an infection while reducing the likelihood of additional surgeries.
Porous metal implants that were coated with
the microspheres prevented infection in 100 percent of the 11 specimens.
If future clinical studies show comparable findings in patients, Terry Clyburn, M.D., professor of orthopaedics and director of Total Joint Services at the UTHealth Medical School, said antibiotic - containing
microspheres could serve to prevent these rare but devastating and often hard - to - treat infections.
The microspheres could be administered directly at the surgical site, eliminating the need for systemic antibiotics that impact the entire body.
Ambrose said
the microspheres may also have applications in the treatment of open fractures in trauma patients.
This is the third in a series of research studies lead investigator Catherine Ambrose, Ph.D., associate professor in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery at the UTHealth Medical School, and collaborators have published that demonstrate the potential of antibiotic
microspheres.
Reagents then pass through
the microsphere and interact with the palladium.
Brenner said he hopes to connect England's theory to his own
microsphere constructions and determine whether the theory correctly predicts which self - replication and self - assembly processes can occur — «a fundamental question in science,» he said.
«We used a microfluidic strategy to make elastomeric
microspheres with a narrow size distribution to make them «loadable» into a tubular reactor without clogging,» Abolhasani says.
Each silicone
microsphere is loaded with palladium.
The resulting pharmaceutical target molecules leave
the microsphere again — but the palladium remains trapped in
the microsphere.
The yellow
microspheres are applied to an electrode and then covered with an extremely thin nanoscale layer of iron oxide.
Each microsphere is coated with collagen — a natural structural material — to provide a surface on which the stem and blood cells can anchor themselves and proliferate.
As a next step the researchers plan to investigate what the effect of several layers of
microspheres lying on top of each other might be.
The sheet is placed in an oven and heated, the plastic material burns away and each drop of salt solution is transformed into the required tungsten oxide
microsphere.
His marrow consists of a polycarbonate plastic shell to mimic the bone cavity, packed with polycarbonate
microspheres that provide the scaffolding.
Thanks to the particular geometry of
the microsphere target used in these experiments, the impact of the laser beam produces a plasma whose properties would be virtually impossible to reproduce by bombarding a foil target.
The placing of these regions depends on the number of
microspheres, giving the resulting objects the same bonding geometry as real atoms.
When DNA was added, it bound only to the hills, turning them into regions that could bind to
microspheres coated in complementary DNA.
Physicists at the Ludwig - Maximilians - Universität (LMU) in Munich have now replaced the foil target by a plastic
microsphere with a diameter of one - millionth of a meter.
Blasting a bunch of protons from such a plastic
microsphere requires extremely powerful and efficient laser systems.
Next, they filled in the gaps between
the microspheres with liquid styrene, which was not coated in the DNA binder.
For their atoms, the team used polystyrene
microspheres — either 540 or 850 nanometres across, more than 2000 times bigger than real atoms — coated in a substance that binds to DNA.
Cameron's engineers actually developed new materials — including a syntactic foam made from millions of hollow glass
microspheres suspended in an epoxy resin — to strengthen the sub's hull without adding a lot of weight.
They then exposed these conjoined pairs to one - micrometer iron oxide flakes, which became magnetically adhered to
the microsphere surfaces.
Zero infections developed in the model that received
the microspheres.
Within six weeks,
the microspheres are completely dissolved and leave nothing behind in the joint that could lead to future problems for the patient.»
He is currently seeking FDA approval of the antibiotic
microspheres and estimates they will be in use in three to eight years.
The researchers observed that
the microspheres were not toxic and stayed in the heart for at least 35 days.
A new study in the American Journal of Physiology — Heart and Circulatory Physiology reports a more practical approach called
microsphere therapy that can be kept on - hand and administered more readily than stem cells.
By coating the implant in the antibiotic
microspheres before placing it in the patient's joint, the antibiotics are delivered directly to the surgical site to help prevent bacteria from developing into an infection.
In studies to determine the efficacy of
the microspheres, Clyburn and his team contaminated two metal implants with staphylococcus aureus bacteria and coated one in
the microspheres before inserting them in animal models.