Sentences with phrase «proton gradient»
A "proton gradient" refers to a concentration difference of positively charged particles called protons. This gradient is important in various biological processes, including energy production within cells. It is a type of imbalance that helps generate energy by allowing protons to move across a membrane and create a force that can be used by cells to do work. Full definition
So LUCA could have been powered by natural proton gradients in vents, but only if it had a really leaky membrane, completely unlike today's cells.»
sciencedaily.com
We propose that natural proton gradients provide a solution because LUCA didn't have to make the gradient; it was already there for free.
Their chemical gardens at the Jet Propulsion Lab in Pasadena, California, have already confirmed that hydrothermal vents can provide that all - important proton gradient, measured as electrical potential between the inside and outside of a chimney.
It contains an information - based complex system with emergent properties, part of which drives a metabolism based on a proton gradient.
He argues that the built - in proton gradient would be enough for a primitive organism to feed on.
Later, it could have brought with it other enzyme - like minerals from the chimney walls, allowing it to establish a proton gradient on the go.
A recent analysis suggests that the last common ancestor of all life on Earth had the genes to feed on a proton gradient but not the genes required to make its own, lending support to Russell's theory.
The difference in pH — basically a measure of proton concentration — between the seawater and effluent also gives rise to a proton gradient across the walls of these pores, creating electrochemical potential that molecules inside the chambers could tap.
B and C Micro-compartments for cyclic PET (hashed arrows): electrons are returned to the PET chain, either directly by Fd (B), or by NADPH, via the NAD (P) H dehydrogenase complex (NDH)(C) generating a proton gradient with no net reductant.
Salicylanilides are very lipophilic and may shuttle protons across membranes, particularly the inner mitochondrial membrane, thus removing the proton gradient and uncouple oxidative phosphorylation [6, 7, 15].
Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F (1) F (0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain.