This week's summaries concern: Concurrent sentences /
Provocation as a defence / Disability and mandatory minimums:
Johnson v. Law Society of British Columbia, 2018 BCCA 40, considered
provocation as a defence where a lawyer cursed at a police officer in a courthouse.
These cases may provide some needed guidance on not only
provocation as a defence but generally on the issue of threshold tests and on the level of deference appellate courts should have for the jury process.
Not exact matches
The majority of the review panel maintained that
provocation could not be used
as a
defence to an allegation of professional misconduct.
The majority of members found that Johnson acted in anger, meant to insult the constable and that
provocation can never be used
as a
defence to uttering profanities in a courthouse
as lawyers are expected to rise above such situations.
Further,
defence interviews of various potential
defence witnesses, established that the client was either wrongly identified
as a person who had assaulted the police or was attacked by police without physical
provocation on the part of the client.
This is unfortunate because violent offences also often have a number of
defences, such
as identity,
provocation, self -
defence and the credibility of witnesses.
Provocation can only be used
as a
defence where the accused is being tried for murder and the only possible outcome, if the
defence is accepted, is a diminishment of the murder charge to the lesser crime of manslaughter.
Provocation,
as a justification, only partially relives the accused from culpability, providing for a reduced charge where the
defence is made out.
Crown counsel thought it was and so urged the jury to consider the post conduct evidence
as negating the
provocation defence.
Certainly, Cairney could have been acquitted of murder — not having the subjective foresight of death — and yet convicted of manslaughter
as he had the objective foreseeability of bodily harm, all without consideration of the
provocation defence.