This disdain and disrespect for the targeted parent in front of the child is another form of
psychological maltreatment as it permanently affects their view of the targeted parent, which transfers to their view of themselves.
Not exact matches
It's also referred to
as psychological maltreatment.
Meta - analyses of studies evaluating these programs show positive effects on the competence, efficacy and
psychological health of the parents,
as well
as on the behaviour of the children.49, 50 A recent implementation study of a strategy for parenting and family support showed that families in the treatment group had far fewer cases of substantiated child
maltreatment, abuse injuries and out - of - home placements.51
The majority (62 percent) had a history of
psychological maltreatment, and nearly a quarter (24 percent) of all the cases were exclusively
psychological maltreatment, which the study defined
as care - giver inflicted bullying, terrorizing, coercive control, severe insults, debasement, threats, overwhelming demands, shunning and / or isolation.
Community approaches, such
as home visitation, have been shown to be highly successful in changing the behavior of parents at risk for perpetrating
maltreatment.18 Targeted programs for mothers with affective disorders and substance abuse have also been shown to be useful in preventing
psychological maltreatment.19, 20
The effects of
maltreatment on all of these
psychological and behavioral problems
as reported by adolescents» mothers could not be explained away by other risk factors (with the lone exception of delinquent behavior).
Psychological maltreatment is a common consequence of physical and sexual abuse but also may occur
as a distinct entity.
Based on prior research suggesting that distinctions between allegations and substantiations are not useful, 31,32 official reports of alleged child abuse were coded using a slightly modified version33 of the
maltreatment classification scheme developed by Barnett et al. 34 Three general indicators of child abuse were created, each dichotomized
as present or not, based on the coding of the following records: (1) physical abuse (any blows or injury to the head, torso, buttocks, or limbs; and violent handling, choking, burning, shaking, or nondescript injury); (2) sexual abuse (any sexual exposure, exploitation, molestation, or penetration); and (3)
psychological maltreatment (threats to
psychological safety and security, lack of acceptance and threats to self - esteem, or failure to allow age - appropriate autonomy).
Amy J. L. Baker, Ph.D., is the author of Adult Children of Parental Alienation Syndrome: Breaking the Ties That Bind,
as well
as over 65 peer - reviewed publications on the topic of parental alienation,
psychological maltreatment, child welfare, and parent — child relationships.
As reported by adult children of divorce, the tactics of alienating parents are tantamount to extreme
psychological maltreatment of children, including spurning, terrorizing, isolating, corrupting or exploiting, and denying emotional responsiveness (Baker, 2010).
When you add all these signs up, it is easy to see how Aggressive Parenting, can be classified
as child
psychological maltreatment in a divorce situation.
These include social influences such
as social isolation (Belsky 2002; Kivijärvi 2004);
psychological factors such
as maternal depression (Dannemiller 1999; Karl 1995; Murray 1997), or personality disorder (Laulik 2013); maternal history of
maltreatment (Pereria 2012), substance dependency (Eiden 2014), domestic violence (Levendosky 2006), or low self - esteem (Leerkes 2002; Shin 2008); or cognitive factors such
as maternal preconceptions about parenting (Kiang 2004; Leerkes 2010).
According to Garbarino et al.,
psychological maltreatment can be viewed
as a pattern of adult behavior which is psychologically destructive to the child, sabotaging the child's normal development of self and social competence (15).
Research also suggested that high reflective functioning may serve
as a protective factor against developing
psychological symptoms in individuals who have experienced childhood
maltreatment (Borelli, Compare, Snavely, & Decio, 2014).
[1] Child
maltreatment is also associated with
psychological and emotional problems, such
as aggression, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder.
Child
maltreatment is associated with serious short - term and long - term negative consequences, such
as physical, behavioral, and
psychological problems, leading to high costs for individuals and society (Alink et al. 2012; Gilbert et al. 2008; Jonson - Reid et al. 2012).
There are recent press releases from the American
Psychological Association about a recent peer reviewed study (Dr. Joseph Spinazzola) that psychological maltreatment is as harmful as
Psychological Association about a recent peer reviewed study (Dr. Joseph Spinazzola) that
psychological maltreatment is as harmful as
psychological maltreatment is
as harmful
as sexual abuse.
Early maladaptive schemas
as mediators between childhood
maltreatment and later
psychological distress among Chinese college students.