There were also several barriers — and subsequent workarounds — identified around technology and infrastructure: grappling with a slow and unwieldy public contract code for technology and even furniture procurement; allowing for Bring Your Own Device programs given the state's free
public education clause; and struggling to provide sufficient technology access at school and home for all students if the district wanted to adopt digital materials.
Not exact matches
With the support of the Colorado
Education Association, the Denver Classroom Teachers Association, along with five teachers, sued the Denver
Public Schools, claiming that the mutual - consent provision violated the teachers» contract
clause and property rights under the Colorado Constitution.
The Illinois Constitution, with one of the most demanding
education clauses, says that the state must «provide for an efficient system of high quality
public educational institutions and services.»
We approached the administration with this idea after the district and community co-developed a new Strategic Plan for Byron
Public Schools that included the
clauses, «Byron
Public Schools will challenge the status quo and develop new norms for
education by the year 2018,» and «Byron
Public Schools will leverage real - world tools and skills to develop in students a passion for learning.»
The state constitution's
education clause stipulates that «the
public school system shall include common schools, and such high schools, normal schools, and technical schools as may hereafter be established.»
(A representative
clause, borrowed from the Arkansas Constitution, reads, «Intelligence and virtue being the safeguards of liberty and the bulwark of a free and good government, the State shall ever maintain a general, suitable and efficient system of free
public schools and shall adopt all suitable means to secure to the people the advantages and opportunities of
education.»)
In 1964, the Supreme Court ruled in Griffin v. County School Board of Prince Edward County that the County had to reopen its
public schools on the grounds that it was still in violation of the Equal Protection
Clause of the 14th Amendment.23 By closing its
public schools and subsequently subsidizing private academies that only admitted white students, the County, along with the state board of
education and state superintendent, continued to deny black students the rights their white peers were provided.
A lawsuit was filed and the court is currently weighing whether overturning Blaine is unconstitutional given the «Paramount Duty»
clause found in Article IX, section 1 of the Florida Constitution which mandates a free, high - quality system of
public education.
In 2010, the Connecticut Supreme Court ruled that «under the
education clause of the state constitution,
public school children are entitled not just to a free and equal
education but also to an adequate (quality)
education, and the state must pay for it.»
The Maryland Court of Appeals held that using
public money to provide transportation for children attending private or parochial schools does not violate Maryland's Compelled Support
Clause because religious institutions would be aided only incidentally as the by - product of proper legislative action to secure the
education of children.
The state has never conducted a study to determine if the levels of funding provided by the PSFA are sufficient to maintain a
public school system that meets the qualitative standards of the
Education Clause or the mandates of state education reform legislation and the Consolidated St
Education Clause or the mandates of state
education reform legislation and the Consolidated St
education reform legislation and the Consolidated State Plan.
(e) The board shall establish the information needed in an application for the approval of a charter school; provided that the application shall include, but not be limited to, a description of: (i) the mission, purpose, innovation and specialized focus of the proposed charter school; (ii) the innovative methods to be used in the charter school and how they differ from the district or districts from which the charter school is expected to enroll students; (iii) the organization of the school by ages of students or grades to be taught, an estimate of the total enrollment of the school and the district or districts from which the school will enroll students; (iv) the method for admission to the charter school; (v) the educational program, instructional methodology and services to be offered to students, including research on how the proposed program may improve the academic performance of the subgroups listed in the recruitment and retention plan; (vi) the school's capacity to address the particular needs of limited English - proficient students, if applicable, to learn English and learn content matter, including the employment of staff that meets the criteria established by the department; (vii) how the school shall involve parents as partners in the
education of their children; (viii) the school governance and bylaws; (ix) a proposed arrangement or contract with an organization that shall manage or operate the school, including any proposed or agreed upon payments to such organization; (x) the financial plan for the operation of the school; (xi) the provision of school facilities and pupil transportation; (xii) the number and qualifications of teachers and administrators to be employed; (xiii) procedures for evaluation and professional development for teachers and administrators; (xiv) a statement of equal educational opportunity which shall state that charter schools shall be open to all students, on a space available basis, and shall not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, creed, sex, gender identity, ethnicity, sexual orientation, mental or physical disability, age, ancestry, athletic performance, special need, proficiency in the English language or academic achievement; (xv) a student recruitment and retention plan, including deliberate, specific strategies the school will use to ensure the provision of equal educational opportunity as stated in
clause (xiv) and to attract, enroll and retain a student population that, when compared to students in similar grades in schools from which the charter school is expected to enroll students, contains a comparable academic and demographic profile; and (xvi) plans for disseminating successes and innovations of the charter school to other non-charter
public schools.
The Florida
public - school establishment is suing to repeal the Sunshine State's 13 - year - old school - choice tax credit and its new
education savings accounts under the state's Blaine Amendment and its «uniformity
clause,» which mandates that «Adequate provision shall be made by law for a uniform, efficient, safe, secure, and high quality system of free
public schools...» The Florida Supreme Court previously struck down the state's voucher program under this provision in Bush v. Holmes (2006), on the grounds that the vouchers «divert [ed]
public dollars» from «the sole means set out in the Constitution for the state to provide for the
education of Florida's children.»
In Aguilar, the Court had barred the New York City Board of
Education from sending
public school teachers into sectarian private schools to teach remedial classes, and in Ball, the Court had found that Grand Rapids» Shared Time program which provided remedial services to students in nonpublic schools violated the Establishment
Clause.
(B) provide that the State agency so designated to administer or supervise the administration of the State plan, or (if there are two State agencies designated under subclause (A) of this
clause) to supervise or administer the part of the State plan that does not relate to services for the blind, shall be (i) a State agency primarily concerned with vocational REHABILITATION, or vocational and other REHABILITATION, of handicapped individuals, (ii) the State agency administering or supervising the administration of
education or vocational
education in the State, or (iii) a State agency which includes at least two other major organizational units each of which administers one or more of the major
public education,
public health,
public welfare, or labor programs of the State; provide, except in the case of agencies described in
clause (1)(B)(i)-