Although experience internationally shows that cartels may exist
in almost any industry, there are certain industry structures and commercial activities and / or factors that may increase the risk of cartel formation, including: - customers that make regular, repetitive
purchases by way of competitive tender; - competitors that know each other well through social contact, trade associations, shifting employment or other legitimate activities; - companies with immature corporate governance systems which fail to pay sufficient attention to compliance issues; - price or margin increases
in a
depressed market; - unexplained reluctance to compete on price and / or
in particular areas and / or
in respect of particular products; - unexplained reluctance to increase output; - unexplained pricing or
market share stability
in a previously volatile
market; and - regular unexplained parallel price increases.