If mountaintop removal to extract high
quality coal at reduced risk to miners is unacceptable and unsustainable — how is it eco-friendly and sustainable to clear - cut mountain vistas for wind turbines?
Not exact matches
Average
Quality of
Coal Received
at Commercial and Institutional Users by Census Division and State
Same Energy Watch Group report, citing a 2006 study conducted by BP Energy: â $ œThe growing share of lower
quality coal is the reason why total
coal production in terms of energy content peaked in 1998
at 598.4 Mtoe and has since declined to 576.2 Mtoe in 2005 in spite of the continuous rise in produced volumes (BP 2006).
From U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1625â $ «C, 2001: «Sufficient high -
quality, thick, bituminous resources remain in [major Appalachian Basin]
coal beds and
coal zones to last for the next one to two decades
at current production.
So the black gold from the mines is
at the centre of this exhibition of large - scale installations and sculptures: The deep black of
coal, its shimmering surface and tactile
qualities were used as aesthetic resources by artists such as Marcel Broodthaers, David Hammons, Reiner Ruthenbeck, Richard Serra, Robert Smithson, Bernar Venet or the ZERO group.
In late November 2009, Peabody Energy's Arclar
Coal Company received two permits, one for water
quality certification and one for discharge, allowing mining to expand on 668 acres
at the Wildcat Hills Complex in southern Illinois.
Average
Quality of
Coal Received
at Manufacturing and Coke Plants by Census Division and State
On December 22, 2010, Michigan's Department of Natural Resources and Environment air
quality division said it approved a permit that allows DTE to burn more
coal and also petroleum coke
at the Monroe plant.
In addition, regulations imposed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) aimed
at improving air
quality have contributed to the retirement of
coal capacity (over 50 gigawatts (GW) of
coal capacity has been retired since 2002 with retirements in recent years partially due to regulations).
What greater crime can there be than to dishonestly support
coal and disparage renewables
at the cost of severe damage to the planet and the
quality of life of all future generations?
In an op - ed for the New York Times, Michael E. Webber, deputy director of the Energy Institute
at the University of Texas
at Austin, blames
coal's struggles on cheap and plentiful natural gas, cheap renewables and air -
quality regulations launched under the George W. Bush administration, as well as weaker - than - expected demand for
coal in Asia.
Earlier this year a team of University of Minnesota researchers looked
at the life - cycle air
quality impacts of alternatives to conventional gasoline vehicles and found that powering vehicles with corn ethanol or with
coal - based or grid electricity increases «monetized environmental health impacts by 80 % or more relative to using conventional gasoline.»
Generating energy using
coal, oil, and gas also comes
at high environmental costs by decreasing air
quality, impacting our water resources, and negatively affecting our health.
For this study, we linked monthly data on the amount of
coal stored on - site
at each of 236
coal - fired power plants across the United States to measurements from nearby air
quality monitors.
So if we internalize into the price of the
coal the external costs of climate emissions, localized pollution from rail shipping, costs to other commerce from longer waits
at RR crossings, probable loss of the Cherry Point Herring stock, and degradation of
quality of life from those affected by these impacts, the effect will be to raise the price.
(PS As a society we've demonstrated a willingness to damage private property and destroy water
quality to get
at coal — and natural gas, apparently.)
Researchers
at Kyoto University in Japan have proposed a novel two - stage process to convert low - rank
coals or biomass wastes under mild conditions to high -
quality liquid fuel.
«Sufficient high -
quality, thick, bituminous resources remain in [Appalachian Basin]
coal beds and
coal zones to last for the next one to two decades
at current production.»
In comparison with the aforementioned
coal plant
at the 5th percentile of current air
quality emissions, the leak rate for the natural gas sector has to be only 1.9 %, 1.6 % or 1.1 % for 1.4, 3 and 5 % discounting, respectively, to match the damages from
coal.
Imagine a legal business model for the franchisee where there are NO existing solicitors firms already
at «the
coal face» with potential conflict where uniform brand, values,
quality, outdated fee structures and legacy systems, policies and governance would be an issue.