Transcription factor Nrf2 is essential for induction of NAD (P) H: quinone oxidoreductase 1, glutathione S - transferases, and glutamate cysteine ligase by broccoli seeds and isothiocyanates.
These detoxification pathways overlap with several of the other dedicated antioxidant defense mechanisms like NAD (P) H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1).