The phrase
"racial disproportionality" refers to the unequal representation or distribution of different racial or ethnic groups in a particular situation or outcome. It means that certain racial groups may be overrepresented or underrepresented compared to their proportion in the population. This can happen in various areas like education, justice, employment, or healthcare, suggesting possible discrimination or disparities based on race.
Full definition
It is important to note that in Illinois subsidized relative placement has resulted in increased permanency for children and reduced
racial disproportionality in the child welfare system.
Examining African American Fathers» Involvement in Permanency Planning: An Effort to
Reduce Racial Disproportionality in the Child Welfare System (PDF - 193 KB) Coakley (2008) Children and Youth Services Review, 30 View Abstract Examines the extent to which African - American fathers» involvement in permanency planning influences children's placement outcomes using a secondary data analysis of child welfare case records.
Impact of Intensive Family Preservation Services on Disproportionality of Out - of - Home Placement of Children of Color in One State's Child Welfare System Kirk & Griffith Child Welfare, 87 (5), 2008 View Abstract Examines the impact of intensive family preservation services
on racial disproportionality of placement into out - of - home care.
Worker bias was repeatedly identified in the discussions with child welfare workers in this study as one of the reasons
for racial disproportionality.
«For instance, Iowa is number one, out of all states, in
racial disproportionality between its population of African Americans and the percentage of African Americans in its prisons.»
Across the board, child welfare personnel in all nine sites acknowledged that
racial disproportionality existed in their child welfare systems, and offered varying reasons for its existence.
The final set of questions for respondents relative to
racial disproportionality focused on federal laws and their impact on children of color (e.g. Multi-Ethnic Placement Act, Adoption and Safe Families Act).
In summary, they
attributed racial disproportionality to external factors such as poverty and racial discrimination, to community and family characteristics such as the lack of informal and formal supports, and to internal issues such as worker bias.
Decision Points in Child Welfare: An Action Research Model to Address Disproportionality Harris & Hackett Children and Youth Services Review, 30 (2), 2008 View Abstract Analyzes data collected in community - based focus groups that analyzed key decision points
where racial disproportionality grew wider in child welfare.
However, this strategy was described by a number of administrators as part of their effort to enhance service delivery to children of color, and perhaps
reduce racial disproportionality.
This qualitative study represents the field's first attempt to gather systematically the perceptions of child welfare personnel about the issue
of racial disproportionality.
Some empirical studies using administrative data have examined these issues as well, and offer similar notions of the reasons
for racial disproportionality, and strategies to reduce it.
Examining African American Fathers» Involvement in Permanency Planning: An Effort to Reduce
Racial Disproportionality in the Child Welfare System Coakley Children and Youth Services Review, 30 (4), 2008 View Abstract Examines the extent to which African - American fathers» involvement in permanency planning influences children's placement outcomes using a secondary data analysis of 88 children's child welfare case records.
Here the Obama - era OCR would say that you need to have one district - wide discipline code, and it needs to be enforced consistently — and even then, if it leads to
racial disproportionality, that could be grounds for an investigation.
The majority of the sites identified the recruitment of minority foster and adoptive parents as an important strategy to reduce
racial disproportionality.
Particular community and family characteristics also were identified in this study as contributors to
racial disproportionality in the child welfare system.
The project was intended to gain insight into the issue of over-representation (or
racial disproportionality) from the perspective of the child welfare community, including agency administrators, supervisors, and direct service workers, and to describe the strategies child welfare and child - welfare serving agencies use to meet the needs of children and families of color in the child welfare system.
For example, evaluation of subsidized guardianship and licensed (i.e. paid) kinship care in Illinois has suggested that such efforts can reduce
racial disproportionality (Testa, 2001).
Racial discrimination was another factor identified by respondents as contributing to
racial disproportionality.
For example, in North Carolina, changes in the child welfare system resulting from the implementation of the Families for Kids program did result in a reduction in
racial disproportionality (Wildfire, 2000).
Just as the lack of resources was repeatedly identified as a reason for the existence of
racial disproportionality, respondents in this study underscored the need for more external and internal resources to support families and children of color, including basic services such as housing and employment.
Racial Disproportionality and Disparity in Washington State Child Welfare: Remediation Plan Washington State Department of Social and Health Services (2008) Analyzes and makes recommendations for addressing the overrepresentation of children of color in the Washington State child welfare system.
Race Equity Review: Findings from a Qualitative Analysis of
Racial Disproportionality and Disparity for African American Children and Families in Michigan's Child Welfare System (PDF - 1,095 KB) Center for the Study of Social Policy (2009) Presents research and findings of institutional features that contribute to racial disproportionality and disparity, and recommendations for change.
The Racial Disproportionality Movement in Child Welfare: False Facts and Dangerous Directions Bartholet Harvard Law School Faculty Scholarship Series, 26, 2009 Explores whether Black children are disproportionately victimized by maltreatment and in need of child protective services, and if they are removed at rates proportionate to their maltreatment rates.
Cultural competence Cultural competence in all aspects of child welfare, including working with children and families,
racial disproportionality, services, and training.
This issue brief explores the prevalence of
racial disproportionality and disparity in the child welfare system.
Racial Disproportionality and Disparity in Child Welfare Series: Issue Briefs Year Published: 2016
Racial disproportionality and disparity in child welfare.
Racial Disproportionality, Race Disparity, and Other Race - Related Findings in Published Works Derived from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well - Being (PDF - 1,497 KB) Casey - CSSP Alliance for Racial Equity in Child Welfare & Casey Family Programs (2008) Draws on studies of data gathered during the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well - Being and examines child welfare in the context of race and ethnicity.
Reducing
Racial Disproportionality and Disparate Outcomes for Children and Families of Color in the Child Welfare System: A Breakthrough Series Collaborative (PDF - 702 KB) Casey Family Programs (2009) Discusses the challenges associated with addressing racial disproportionality and disparate outcomes, develops a framework for change, and presents strategies for reducing racial disproportionality.
Racial Disproportionality in Child Welfare Belanger, Green, & Bullard (Eds.)
Courts Catalyzing Change (CCC) Initiative National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges Provides information and research related to re-evaluating Federal, State, and local policy and makes recommendations for changes and improvements in the dependency court system to reduce
racial disproportionality and disparate treatment.