Sentences with phrase «radiant flux at»

The change in average radiant flux at the surface is too little to be more than a small part of the puzzle.

But you will find that OHC follows the net radiant flux at TOA quite closely.

A positive net trend in radiant flux at TOA is defined as planetary warming.

The change in heat and work in the planetary system is made complicated by large changes in radiant flux at TOA due to changes in atmospheric and ocean circulation (Loeb et al 2012).

But as I said above — you can't get any idea of what is happening without data on radiant flux at TOA.

The point of Wong et al is that the ocean heat content follows net radiant flux at TOA.

Not exact matches

They then looked at another source of data: that of the Clouds» and Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) satellite instruments which measure fluxes of reflected and emitted radiation from Earth to space, to help scientists understand how the climate varies over time.

The skin layer planet is optically very thin, so it doesn't affect the OLR significantly, but (absent direct solar heating) the little bit of the radiant flux (approximatly equal to the OLR) from below that it absorbs must be (at equilibrium) balanced by emission, which will be both downward and upward, so the flux emitted in either direction is only half of what was absorbed from below; via Kirchhoff's Law, the temperature must be smaller than the brightness temperature of the OLR (for a grey gas, Tskin ^ 4 ~ = (Te ^ 4) / 2, where Te is the effective radiating temperature for the planet, equal to the brightness temperature of the OLR — *** HOWEVER, see below ***).

For a sufficiently small amount of CO2, adding double the amount would have approximately double the effect on radiant intensities and fluxes — at all frequencies, at all directions.

The difference in radiant flux will be smaller between 222 K and 255 K, and larger between 288 K and 321 K, and it will take a greater GHE TOA forcing to reduce the effective radiating temperature (the temperature of a blackbody that would emit a radiative flux) at TOA from 288 K to 277 K as it would to reduce it from 277 K to 266 K, etc..

Radiation transfers heat across different scales at different optical thicknesses for different frequencies; the net radiant flux depends more on temperature variations that occur over distances on the order of a unit of optical thickness, so the net flux can be through smaller - scale temperature variations.

When optical thickness is large, the net flux will tend to be small, but the flux will vary with lapse rate (according to the corresponding Planck function «lapse rate») and a sufficiently sharp change in that lapse rate could lead to some significant flux convergence or divergence at that level (net radiant heating or cooling).

Synoptic scale forcing (e.g., wind bursts) were found to lead to tripling of phytoplankton pigment concentrations and a reduction in penetrative heat flux of 5.6 W m − 2 at 30 m, or a biogeochemically mediated increase in the radiant heating rate of 0.138 C / month.

OHC follows changes in TOA radiant flux as shown in the Wong et al 2006 paper — ocean / atmosphere heat transfer obviously occurs but the fundamental metric is at TOA.

The total solar radiant energy flux incident upon the top of the Earth's atmosphere at a standard distance (1 astronomical unit, 1.496 × 108 km or 9.3 × 107 mi) from the Sun.

So it is best to look at the global — or tropical — radiant flux and not make too much of one single phenomenon.

Earth's total / final radiant heat flux to space isn't tied to any one physical temperature at all.

Instead, it gives Radiant Emittance (aka Exitance), the Potential Energy Flux in a vacuum to a radiation sink at absolute zero.

Natural or anthropogenic CO2 in the atmosphere induces a «radiative forcing» ΔF, defined by IPCC (2001: ch.6.1) asa change in net (down minus up) radiant - energy flux at the tropopause in response to a perturbation.

The fundamental equation of radiative transfer at the emitting surface of an astronomical body, relating changes in radiant - energy flux to changes in temperature, is the Stefan - Boltzmann equation --

whereF is radiant - energy flux at the emitting surface; εis emissivity, set at 1 for a blackbody that absorbs and emits all irradiance reaching its emitting surface (by Kirchhoff's law of radiative transfer, absorption and emission are equal and simultaneous), 0 for a whitebody that reflects all irradiance, and (0, 1) for a graybody that partly absorbs / emits and partly reflects; and σ ≈ 5.67 x 10 — 8 is the Stefan - Boltzmann constant.

The IPCC's value for κ is dependent upon temperature at the surface and radiant - energy flux at the tropopause, so that its implicit value κ ≈ 0.313 ° K W — 1 m2 is considerably higher than either κS or κC.

However, the IPCC, in its evaluation of κ, does not follow the rule that in the Stefan - Boltzmann equation the temperature and radiant - energy flux must be taken at the same level of the atmosphere.