Sentences with phrase «radiative equilibrium models»

One of the simplest radiative equilibrium models involves the assumption of a so - called grey atmosphere, where the absorption coefficient is assumed to be independent of wavelength.

It is not the infrared emission that cools the surface as in the so - called radiative equilibrium models because the net radiative heat transfer surface to air is about nil, but the evaporation whose thermostatic effect can not be overstated: increasing the surface temperature by +1 °C increases the evaporation by 6 %; where evaporation is 100 W / m ², this removes an additional 6 W / m ² from the surface.

Not exact matches

Using global climate models and NASA satellite observations of Earth's energy budget from the last 15 years, the study finds that a warming Earth is able to restore its temperature equilibrium through complex and seemingly paradoxical changes in the atmosphere and the way radiative heat is transported.

In the pure radiative equilibrium, you can get it into a range where the grey model gives you surface warming and stratospheric cooling (that's in one of the problems), but you have to work at it a bit, and also remember to plot things in pressure coord, not optical depth coordinates.

For simplicity, assume all solar heating at the surface (so that the lapse rate is (1 - dimensional climate model, radiative convective equilibrium) positive or approaching zero but never negative) unless otherwise stated:

So it seems to me that the simple way of communicating a complex problem has led to several fallacies becoming fixed in the discussions of the real problem; (1) the Earth is a black body, (2) with no materials either surrounding the systems or in the systems, (3) in radiative energy transport equilibrium, (4) response is chaotic solely based on extremely rough appeal to temporal - based chaotic response, (5) but at the same time exhibits trends, (6) but at the same time averages of chaotic response are not chaotic, (7) the mathematical model is a boundary value problem yet it is solved in the time domain, (8) absolutely all that matters is the incoming radiative energy at the TOA and the outgoing radiative energy at the Earth's surface, (9) all the physical phenomena and processes that are occurring between the TOA and the surface along with all the materials within the subsystems can be ignored, (10) including all other activities of human kind save for our contributions of CO2 to the atmosphere, (11) neglecting to mention that if these were true there would be no problem yet we continue to expend time and money working on the problem.

But that level very likely will be less than that based on the extremely over-simplified, zeroth - order radiative - equilibrium so - called model.

They had built the first completely correct radiative - convective implementation of the standard model applied to Earth, and used it to calculate a +2 C equilibrium warming for doubling CO2, including the water vapour feedback, assuming constant relative humidity.

What is significant for the implications of climate «science» is the hypothesis of radiative equilibrium and the model used to describe the «greenhouse effect».

According to model experiments and consistent with data from past climate changes, this inertia results in a lag of several decades between the imposition of a radiative forcing and a final equilibrium temperature.»

In all of these simple models, we assume the atmosphere to have a volume as fixed as a bathtub, we assume that the atmosphere / ocean system is a closed system, we assume that the incoming radiation from the Sun is constant, we assume no turbulence, we assume no viscosity, we assume radiative equilibrium with no feedback lag, we take no account of water vapor flux assuming it to be constant, no change in albedo from changes in land use, glacier lengthening and shortening, no volcanic eruptions, no feedbacks from vegetation.

Similarly, the climate scenarios were based on 2xCO2 equilibrium GCM projections from three models, where the radiative forcing of climate was interpreted as the combined concentrations of CO2 (555 ppm) and other greenhouse gases (contributing about 15 % of the change in forcing) equivalent to a doubling of CO2, assumed to occur in about 2060.

ECS is the increase in the global annual mean surface temperature caused by an instantaneous doubling of the atmospheric concentration of CO2 relative to the pre-industrial level after the model relaxes to radiative equilibrium, while the TCR is the temperature increase averaged over 20 years centered on the time of doubling at a 1 % per year compounded increase.

The Planck response of 1.2 K for GCMs comes from one - dimensional radiative convective equilibrium models (1DRCM) that assume the fixed lapse rate of 6.5 K / km (FLRA) and use the mathematical method of Cess (1976), equation (3).

Webb et al. (2006), investigating a selection of the slab versions of models in Table 8.1, found that differences in feedbacks contribute almost three times more to the range in equilibrium climate sensitivity estimates than differences in the models» radiative forcings (the spread of models» forcing is discussed in Section 10.2).

If we hold everything else equal and double the amount of N2 in the atmosphere, because N2 does not participate in the back radiation, the surface equilibrium temperature should remain «unchanged» according to the radiative transfer model.

Miskolczi has inserted the simple result into the general model, which means, at best, it can only be applied to a «grey» atmosphere in radiative equilibrium, and at worst he has just created an equation soufflé.

Through the use of a Venus climate model that couples atmospheric radiative - convective equilibrium with surface processes, we show that it is likely that Venus» climate is at or near a state of unstable equilibrium.

In our «rotating radiative convective equilibrium» simulations, a realistic model is simplified by removing land surfaces and spherical geometry, and by assuming that the underlying ocean temperatures are spatially uniform, providing a relatively simple system in which to study the formation and mature structure of hurricanes.

Of these, radiative and radiative - convective equilibrium models have received great attention..

Especially, these zero - D box - like models introduce a false concept relative to the physical material that is to be assigned to the radiative surface that is an important part of the radiative - equilibrium concept.

From its heritage from 1D radiative - convective models of the earth's atmosphere, the IPCC AR4 WGI Section 2.2 describes the concept of determining the change in equilibrium surface temperature from radiative forcing (RF):

The calculations by Kuang 2010 in which a dynamic model of radiative - convective equilibrium is perturbed systematically with different heat (and moisture) sources suggests that this is the path of least resistance for a convecting atmosphere, but that there are other possibilities as well — I need to understand this paper better.