The climate response depends not only upon the TOA forcing, but its difference with respect to the surface value, which represents
radiative heating within the atmosphere.
In this way, the response of LW fluxes (PR) and convection (CR) tend to spread the temperature response vertically from where forcings occur — not generally eliminating the effect of RF distribution over height, although in the case with convection driven by differential
radiative heating within a layer, CR can to a first approximation evenly distribute a temperature response over such a layer.
Not exact matches
To do so, they used an existing model that describes
radiative heat transfer as electrical currents flowing
within two objects.
The differential
heating imposed on the troposphere + surface layer is sufficient that LW emissions from
within the layer are not able to establish pure
radiative equilibrium without having the temperature profile become unstable to convection.
The lapse rate
within the troposphere is largely determined by convection, which redistributes any changes in
radiative heating or cooling
within the troposphere + surface so that all levels tend to shift temperature similarly (with some regional / latitudinal, diurnal, and seasonal exceptions, and some exceptions for various transient weather events).
(
Within a typical atmosphere, as on Earth,
heat transport by conduction and molecular mass diffusion are relatively insignificant for bulk transport (there is some role in smaller - scale processes involving particles in the air), except when the net
radiative flux and convective flux are very very small (not a condition generally found on Earth).
Water vapour is lighter than air once formed by the acquisition of the latent
heat of evaporation so no additional
radiative energy needs to be acquired to enable it to rise
within the Earth's gravitational field.
This renders «conduction, convection, latent
heat» etc. as secondary considerations whose behavior is confined
within a bubble of possibilities determined by the
radiative budget.
How much of the energy
within the atmosphere is other then
radiative, conducted from the surface to convection currents, and or latent
heat moved via evaporation?
If one inserts a thin and stationary horizontal adiabatic wall (well... ok, «insulated wall») at any height L
within a gas column at equilibrium (no net diffusive,
radiative or convective
heat flows
within this column) then the pressure on both sides of the wall integrated over its surface match the weight of the column above.
Would it be wrong to think that the
radiative mode of
heat transfer is also going on
within a solid or liquid or gas?
Two physical processes are involved with
heat sinks and sources
within the thermometer viewshed; mass transfer and
radiative transfer.
Vincentrj # 28 you are unclear re the division of your opinions / inferences between the 3 basic sub-topics (1)
heat is entering the oceans due to
radiative imbalance due to humans burning carbon fuels (2) the
heat rate coupled with its estimated duration (based on its cause) will make it
within a few decades become unprecedented during the last several thousand years and same for the surface temperature rise that will be required to stop it (3) the effects on flora & fauna will be highly negative even
within this century and more so for centuries and millenia thereafter, in particular the human species which has softened much and expects much more since the days when a mammoth tusk through the groin was met with «well Og's had it, press on».
@Pierre - Normand It's special because there is no convective or latent
heat transport at all
within it and so
radiative fluxes through the tropopause must exactly match the TOA flux after the troposphere has adjusted to the instantaneous forcing.
It's special because there is no convective or latent
heat transport at all
within it and so
radiative fluxes through the tropopause must exactly match the TOA flux after the troposphere has adjusted to the instantaneous forcing.
There would be some small changes in the
radiative heat transfer
within the atmosphere, but this would also have a very small effect, because the convection compensates the changes automatically in troposphere.
-LCB- 9.4, Box 9.2 -RCB- • The observed reduction in surface warming trend over the period 1998 to 2012 as compared to the period 1951 to 2012, is due in roughly equal measure to a reduced trend in
radiative forcing and a cooling contribution from natural internal variability, which includes a possible redistribution of
heat within the ocean (medium confidence).