Matrosov S. Y. and D. D. Turner (March 2018): Retrieving mean temperature of atmospheric liquid water layers using microwave
radiometer measurements.
The main improvements with respect to V2 version flux products (Bentamy et al, 2008) are related to the improvements of the specific air humidity estimation from
radiometer measurements, to the assessment of the surface winds retrieved from QuikSCAT scatterometers, and to the use of the new objective method allowing the calculation of flux analyses over the global oceans.
«Along with the microwave
radiometer measurements, which have also shown surprises in the deep atmosphere, these results demonstrate that if we want to understand giant planets, we will need to study all of Jupiter,» Levin says.
It all comes down to this mistake and the «back radiation» which does not exist except as the artefact of
the radiometer measurement.
Not exact matches
The environmental data sets from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission and the MODIS sensors will continue into the next decade with data provided by their follow - on missions: the Global Precipitation
Measurement mission to launch in early 2014, and the Visible Infrared Imaging
Radiometer Suite on the Suomi National Polar - orbiting Partnership satellite currently in orbit.
In contrast, the Scripps team opted to directly correlate albedo
measurements made by NASA's CERES instrument data with observations of sea ice extent made by the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM / I)
radiometers aboard Defense Meteorological Satellite Program satellites.
We obtained direct global
measurements of the lunar surface using multispectral thermal emission mapping with the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Diviner Lunar
Radiometer Experiment.
This is very encouraging for the future application of
measurements from sea - going spectral
radiometers, as instruments not only for the validation of satellite - derived SST but also for studying the physics of the ocean skin temperature layer.
Motivated primarily by Mitchum's conclusion, Keihm et al., 2000 (Abstract; Google Scholar access) actively tried to come up with something that could cause a «drift» in the satellites, and eventually decided that a temporary problem in the «TOPEX Microwave
Radiometer path delay
measurements», which stopped in December 1996 could do that.
From its position at L1, DSCOVR uses the National Institute of Standards and Technology Advanced
Radiometer (NISTAR) to produce a consistent and accurate
measurement of all outgoing energy from Earth.
The BRS station collection of
radiometers provides continuous
measurements of broadband shortwave (solar) and longwave (infrared) irradiances for downwelling components.
ESA clearly prefers to use Cryosat - 2 for sea ice
measurements, which uses an active
radiometer.
The combination of a series of Earth - observing satellite sensors, including the most recent Visible Infrared Imaging
Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) and Sentinel - 3, could enable the production of a near - daily record of global ocean color
measurements now spanning nearly 2 decades.
The Microwave
Radiometer - High Frequency (MWRHF) provides time - series
measurements of brightness temperatures from two channels centered at 90 and 150 GHz.
Microwave
radiometers are a passive
measurement technique; that is, they monitor Earth's own heat energy emissions in the 1 - to 200 - gigahertz frequency range.
2008 G. Matthews, «Celestial body irradiance determination from an under - filled satellite
radiometer: Application to albedo and thermal emission
measurements of the Moon using CERES» Applied Optics.
The Sky Radiation (SKYRAD) collection of
radiometers provides continuous
measurements of broadband shortwave (solar) and longwave (infrared) irradiances for downwelling components.
For practical purposes, SSTsubskin can be well approximated to the
measurement of surface temperature by a microwave
radiometer operating in the 6 - 11 GHz frequency range, but the relationship is neither direct nor invariant to changing physical conditions or to the specific geometry of the microwave
measurements.
The animation was made with
measurements taken by the Advanced Microwave Scanning
Radiometer — EOS (AMSR - E) on NASA's Aqua satellite between March 7 and September 9.
The Microwave
Radiometer (MWR) provides time - series
measurements of column - integrated amounts of water vapor and liquid water.
The skin SST, SSTskin, is the temperature measured by an infrared
radiometer at a depth of order of 500 µm depending on the wavelength of the
measurement.
In the original configuration of NPOESS, the ocean surface vector wind data record established by QuikSCAT was to be replaced by passive microwave
measurements of wind speed and direction by the polarimetric CMIS
radiometer.
Alexandrov, M.D., P. Kiedron, J.J. Michalsky, G. Hodges, C.J. Flynn, and A.A. Lacis, 2007: Optical depth
measurements by shadow - band
radiometers and their uncertainties.
XOVWM would include a dual - frequency Ku - band and C - band radar and an X-band
radiometer, which would allow
measurements in rainy conditions, as well as
measurements of the extreme winds in hurricanes and extratropical cyclones.
With MIS delayed until NPOESS C2, there is a need to continue the long (28 - year) climate data record of sea ice extent and concentration collected by passive microwave
radiometers; continued scatterometer and altimeter
measurements are also required.
The same is by direct
measurements of the solar irradiance on groung by
radiometers, pyrometers and pyrgeometers adjusted to measure the solar irradiance EXCLUSIVELY.
The Ground Radiation (GNDRAD) collection of
radiometers provides continuous
measurements of broadband reflected shortwave (solar) and longwave (infrared) irradiances for upwelling components.
The peak was afternoon, at 19 h UT, with a flux of almost 435 W / m ^ 2 (
measurements by net
radiometers and pyrgeometers), which gives a temperature of 37 °C (311 K).