S&C also saw the benefits of correlating their results to
radiosonde measurements as verification, and RSS doesn't.
Not exact matches
That's why climate scientists release
radiosonde balloons, mount scientific expeditions, launch satellites into orbit, drill into the ice, deploy ocean buoys,
as well
as make increasingly accurate surface
measurements.
For example, the satellite and
radiosonde measurements indicate something like 1/3
as much, and in fact even this is only true after they have been corrected.
As you may recall, they had that discrepancy in
radiosonde measurements of the lower troposphere for a decade, until someone finally copped to an algebra mistake in a data - processing procedure.
Used in conjunction with Earth - orbiting satellite - based passive temperature and moisture radiometric soundings,
as well
as active lidar wind
measurements, profilers complement the data collected from
radiosondes.
The black curve represents surface temperature, and the colored curves represent the temperature of the lower to mid-troposphere
as inferred from MSU
measurements (red) and
radiosonde observations (green).
Surely these differences would be more significant if some showed cooling, other Global temperature
measurements such
as Radiosonde, SST's and the proxy atmospheric water vapor also indicate warming, so inconsistancies between the indexs surel are more a technical issue.
Temperatures aloft can be measured in a number of ways, two of which are useful for climate monitoring: by
radiosondes (balloon - borne instrument packages, including thermometers, released daily or twice daily at a network of observing stations throughout the world), and by satellite
measurements of microwave radiation emitted by oxygen gas in the lower to mid-troposphere, taken with an instrument known
as the Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU).5 The balloon
measurements are taken at the same Greenwich mean times each day, whereas the times of day of the satellite
measurements for a given location drift slowly with changes in the satellite orbits.
Mears and others said that the satellite
measurements should not be taken seriously because they only infer the temperature from
measurements of radio emissions by Oxygen molecules - AND - that these final numbers never match actual temperature
measurements made over land and water (ground stations
as well
as radiosonde).
Radiosonde humidity
measurements are notoriously unreliable and are usually dismissed out - of - hand
as being unsuitable for detecting trends of water vapor in the upper troposphere.
To answer this question I looked at more than just the traditional Hadley, NASA and NOAA datasets, but also the
measurements of the lower troposphere processed by Remote Sensing Systems (RSS) and the University of Alabama - Huntsville (UAH)
as well
as the 5 major reanalysis datasets which incorporate station data, aircraft data, satellite data,
radiosonde data and meteorological weather modeling.
Using only the wind data (
radiosondes and commercia jet
measurements), the short term large scale forecast error over the US was just
as small
as with all additional sources of data combined.
In my limited understanding, the fundamental problem arises from the fact that old
radiosonde measurements show that the relative humidity of the upper troposphere has dropped
as the earth has warmed.