«Eventually you have to replace those genes with small molecules, with proteins, with whatever,» says Ding, who is working on cellular reprogramming methods that use small molecules,
rather than viruses.
«Our finding will not help develop a vaccine because the focus is on innate immunity
rather than the virus,» Huang said.
The study also strongly suggested that the varying temperatures influenced the immune response
rather than the virus itself.
Increased city living
rather than the virus evolving seems to be behind the unprecedented epidemic, which means it is unlikely to go global
Beginning in 2012, researchers learned to modify this mechanism to precisely target unwanted genes
rather than viruses.
That suggests that the damage done to the lungs is the result of an overreaction of the host,
rather than the virus killing cells, Kash says.
Because much of the research focus on HCV is now directed at developing antiviral therapies, it's likely that these new findings may have a greater impact on treatments for chronic hepatitis B (HBV),
rather than the virus studied in this experiment, Dr. Walker says.
At a time when gene therapy has been revived as a potent form of cancer treatment, a new approach would use nanoparticles,
rather than viruses, to deliver strands of DNA or RNA to tumors.
Standard HIV tests look for the presence of antibodies
rather than the virus.
It is supposed to be 1951 or»52 at this point in the book, and it wasn't until 1958 that this sexually - transmitted disease (which is now a silent epidemic in the USA) was discovered to be a bacteria
rather than a virus; it also was not until a couple of decades after that when women's magazines began to warn about this possibly asymptomatic STD.
Not exact matches
Rather than trying to breed a hybrid from different varieties of the fruit, Gonsalves isolated a gene from the ring - spot
virus and directly inserted it into a papaya chromosome.
Furthermore, you may find that it's better for (half monkeys like you) your brain to be fed to
virus that it will have use
rather than keeping it inside your cranium but as an excess baggage.
In fact, they approached Ireland exactly like Washington lobbyists approach their targets, but Ireland, unlike Washington politicians, had no idea what this phenomenon was, had no native antibodies against this new
virus, positive
rather than negative, and had no idea how one might resist it, assuming one wanted to.
Maher made the remarks on his show Friday, saying that Santorum was sheltering his children and educating them in the home
rather than in public out of fear they «could be infected by the
virus of reason.»
In fact, the strategy, officially known in business circles as FUD — fear, uncertainty and doubt — was designed by an IBM executive decades ago to persuade buyers to feel «safe» with IBM products
rather than risk a crash,
virus or server disruption.
The molecule — called VCP — is a component of the infected cell
rather than a substance produced by the
virus itself.
Rather than pack up and go home, he went for the last option available — a master's degree in cancer research — and picked a cancer lab that also studied
viruses, at the University's Institute of Hematology.
However, we saw that, in children with asthma, most of the antibiotic prescriptions in children were intended for asthma exacerbations or bronchitis, which are often caused by a
virus rather than bacteria.
They hypothesized that using lower dosages and intradermal,
rather than intramuscular, injections would extend the
virus vaccine supply.
An inactivated
virus vaccine, delivered by injection
rather than orally, could be key to eradicating polio globally
Vaccines developed using proteins
rather than live
viruses can help protect animals and subsequently humans from insect - borne
viruses, according to Alan Young, chief scientific officer for Medgene Labs, an animal health company that develops therapeutics and diagnostics, including vaccines.
Previous cases have mostly been scattered, the pattern shown by a
virus that occasionally jumps from animals to people
rather than spreading among people.
Unlike any other vaccine designed for human use, this product would be a DNA vaccine that only contains a particular part of the pathogen (
rather than a vaccine with an inactivated live or dead
virus, for example).
Perhaps that's why
rather than reaching zombification through magic or rampant consumerism, the undead in this film series have been infected by a man - made
virus called «rage.»
The majority of vaccines available contained inactivated A (H1N1) pdm09 influenza
virus rather than live
virus.
The researchers discovered 214 novel RNA
viruses (where the genomic material is RNA
rather than DNA) in apparently healthy reptiles, amphibians, lungfish, ray - finned fish, cartilaginous fish and jawless fish.
«By focusing on changing how infected cells respond to the resulting metabolic stress
rather than targeting a component of the
virus itself, there is less risk that the
virus will become resistant to the drugs,» Thomas said.
Medical treatment that targets human proteins
rather than ever - mutating
viruses may one day help HIV - positive people whose bodies have built a resistance to «cocktails» currently used to keep them healthy, according to a Keck School of Medicine of USC researcher.
Rather than just adding the gene for CREB to the
virus, this time they also inserted the gene for green fluorescent protein.
The eradication initiative chose OPV,
rather than the original Salk vaccine made of killed
virus (inactivated, or IPV), for good reason: it's cheap and effective.
Cross-species jumps were especially frequent in
virus families whose genetic material is encoded in RNA
rather than DNA.
The process hones their focus and primes them to target flu
viruses based on the unique,
rather than shared, surface proteins.
Rather than use the
virus itself, the team created stretches of DNA that correspond to the RNA regions in SFV that dictate how the
virus replicates.
Knowing more about how
viruses get inside cells, says Pelkmans, could lead to the development of drugs that prevent the
virus from infecting the cell
rather than simply trying to slow down replication after the infection takes hold.
Overall, the team's findings lend credence to the theory that giant
viruses evolved from much smaller
viruses,
rather than aligning with theories that they may instead be descended from a cellular ancestor.
By blocking a cellular
rather than viral component, the treatment may minimize the evolution of drug - resistant
viruses.
But
rather than delivering the entire gene for the clotting - factor proteins to cells, as most gene therapies do, the researchers used the
viruses to engineer immune - regulating B cells to express a fragment of the clotting factor fused to an immune molecule called an immunoglobulin.
The Bioko
viruses cover the whole range of SIV genetic diversity, and each Bioko SIV clade is most closely related to
viruses circulating in hosts of the same genus on the African mainland
rather than to SIVs of other Bioko species.
They found that the
virus replicated 10 times as much in mice that were infected at the end of their day,
rather than at the beginning.
Back when the three domains of life were emerging, a large DNA
virus very much like Mimi may have made its way inside a bacterium or an archaean and,
rather than killing it, harmlessly persisted there.
Less an organism
than a jumbled collection of biochemical shards, the
virus eventually yielded Wendell M. Stanley, the leader of the research team that exposed it, a Nobel Prize in chemistry
rather than biology.
In the United States, nearly half the antibiotic prescriptions given for respiratory infections are inappropriate: for illnesses caused by
viruses rather than bacteria, antibiotics won't help the patient get better.
«With a
virus, you have to go with prevention
rather than a cure,» she said, pointing to her main target — wheat streak mosaic
virus.
The problem with
viruses that typically cause cancer, though, is that they tend hide out of reach — inside of
rather than on the surface of cells.
In recent weeks, researchers have argued for access to the drugs through international aid programmes to be rapidly expanded in countries with the heaviest HIV burdens, and for the focus to be on preventing spread of the
virus rather than simply treating those who already have it.
I think that, with more sick people coming to our treatment centres
rather than staying in the community and risking spreading the
virus, and with continued education, we will see a big change in the situation.
So one has to take seriously the possibility that any significant change this
virus makes... may well come from that quarter,
rather than from humans» (Science, 10 July 2009, p. 140).
«To me, an important finding is that the majority of the viral transmission events within tissue involved free
virus rather than virological synapses,» says Bjorkman.
One Zika oddity is that infected males retain the
virus in their semen nearly 10 times longer
than women do in their vaginal fluids — 180 days
rather than 20, on average — making males much more likely to transmit Zika sexually
than females.
«We should think of these
viruses as symbiotic,
rather than as parasites all the time,» Virgin says.