Sentences with phrase «ray ionization»

Although there is some evidence that ionization from cosmic rays may enhance aerosol nucleation in the free troposphere, there is medium evidence and high agreement that the cosmic ray ionization mechanism is too weak to influence global concentrations of CCN or their change over the last century or during a solar cyclein any climatically significant way.

Empirical associations between solar - modulated cosmic ray ionization of the atmosphere and globally averaged low - level cloud cover remain ambiguous.

This was surprising and casts a pall on claims that cosmic ray ionization controls aerosol production.

While the exact mechanism for charging and for initiating lightning within the Venusian clouds is not currently known (Yair 2012) it is nonetheless likely that cosmic ray ionization has an important role in this process as it is believed to be the primary source of atmospheric ions at middle and low altitudes.

Cosmic ray ionization in the Martian atmosphere has been studied extensively using computational models (Whitten et al. 1971; Molina - Cuberos 2001; Molina - Cuberos et al. 2001; Norman et al. 2014; Gronoff et al. 2015), with the general result that the atmospheric ionization profile due to GCR is relatively flat, with monotonically increasing ionization rates with decreasing altitude and increasing atmospheric density.

Not exact matches

Cosmic rays are so penetrating that there's always ionization in our chamber and we can not get to zero ionization.

Cosmic rays, such as iron and titanium atoms, heavily damage the cells they traverse because of their very high rates of ionization.

The Advanced Thin Ionization Calorimeter, shown here in Antarctica before a 2005 launch, detected cosmic rays in the upper atmosphere.

«Ionization mechanisms of captive atoms struck by light matter: Physicists elucidate the effects of light rays falling onto hydrogen atoms trapped in a carbon atom cage.»

Thus, it is plausible that changes to atmospheric ionization rates due to cosmic ray variability may affect the occurrence of electrical phenomena in the Venusian atmosphere (Nordheim et al. 2015) hence manifesting a relation between space weather and meteorological phenomena.

Cosmic rays are well - documented to damage the cells heavily because of their very high ionization rates.

«the variation of ionization by galactic cosmic rays over the decadal solar cycle does not entail a response... that would explain observed variations in global cloud cover»

«we estimate that less than 23 %, at the 95 % confidence level, of the 11 - year cycle changes in the globally averaged cloud cover observed in solar cycle 22 is due to the change in the rate of ionization from the solar modulation of cosmic rays.»

I mean since there is no clear trend (upward or downward) in cosmic ray flux over the period we've been able to measure them directly; and since we do not see a significant difference in climate over the 11 year solar cycle between Solar Max and Solar Min (and this modulation is much larger than the one Svensmark is talking about); and since it is not clear how important the ionization from GCR is in cloud formation; and since the anthropogenic ghg mechanism does just fine reproducing the data, exactly how do you foresee implementing this «effect»?

This is also why global warming alarmists try to do their best to quench anything related to the the solar variability → cosmic ray flux → atmospheric ionization → low altitude cloud cover link which by now has ample evidence for support, both empirical and experimental.

7.4.5.3 Synthesis Although there is some evidence that ionization from cosmic rays may enhance aerosol nucleation in the free troposphere, there is medium evidence and high agreement that the cosmic ray - ionization mechanism is too weak to influence global concentrations of CCN or their change over the last century or during a solar cycle in any climatically significant way.

Since cosmic rays dominate the troposphere ionization, an increased solar activity will translate into a reduced ionization, and empirically, also to a reduced low altitude cloud cover.

He thought that this connection might occur via the effect of cosmic ray induced ionization on aerosol and cloud condensation nuclei and thus on the radiative properties of clouds.

The report which contains statements like this: «Although there is some evidence that ionization from cosmic rays may enhance aerosol nucleation in the free troposphere, there is medium evidence and high agreement that the cosmic ray - ionization mechanism is too weak to influence global concentrations of CCN or their change over the last century or during a solar cycle in any climatically significant way.

The forcing from changes in total solar irradiance alone does not seem to account for these observations, implying the existence of this unknown amplifying mechanism.The cosmic ray - ionization mechanism is too weak to influence global concentrations of CCN or their change over the last century or during a solar cycle in any climatically significant way.

«there is medium evidence and high agreement that the cosmic ray - ionization mechanism is too weak to influence global concentrations of CCN or their change over the last century or during a solar cycle in any climatically significant way.

Fewer cosmic rays reaching the Earth imply a weaker ionization of the upper atmosphere.

A possible connection between cosmic rays and clouds was already established at the end of the 19th century by the inventor of the cloud chamber, Wilson (1899); it was admittedly «speculation» that ionization in the upper troposphere affected storminess.

The review by Idso et al. (2009) found growing evidence for indirect solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) ionization influencing clouds, that IPCC has dismissed as unsupported.

«the variation of ionization by galactic cosmic rays over the decadal solar cycle does not entail a response... that would explain observed variations in global cloud cover»

This does not change the possibility that cosmic ray particles may produce ionization in the atmosphere, which act as nuclei for cloud drops.