One way, I believe, to address the problem of under - reporting and increase the chances a concussion will be identified early on the sports sideline may be to rely less on athletes themselves to remove themselves from games or practices by reporting concussion symptoms (which the most
recent study shows occurs at a shockingly low rate, [9] or on game officials and sideline observers to observe signs of concussion and call for a concussion
assessment, but to employ technology to increase the chances that a concussion will be identified by employing
impact sensors designed to monitor head
impact exposure in terms of the force of hits (both linear and rotational), number, location, and cumulative
impact, in real time at all levels of football, and in other helmeted and non-helmeted contact and collision sports, where practical, to help identify high - risk
impacts and alert medical personnel on the sideline so they can consider performing a concussion
assessment.
We find (i) measurements at all scales show that official inventories consistently underestimate actual CH4 [methane] emissions, with the natural gas and oil sectors as important contributors; (ii) many independent experiments suggest that a small number of «super-emitters» could be responsible for a large fraction of leakage; (iii)
recent regional atmospheric
studies with very high emissions rates are unlikely to be representative of typical natural gas system leakage rates; and (iv)
assessments using 100 - year
impact indicators show system - wide leakage is unlikely to be large enough to negate climate benefits of coal - to - natural gas substitution.