There's no set formula, but the most
recent rigorous study into the issue, the 2008 WorldatWork survey, found 80 percent commission and 20 percent salary was the most popular formula.
Four
recent rigorous studies — in the District of Columbia, Louisiana, Indiana, and Ohio — used different research designs and reached the same result: on average, students that use vouchers to attend private schools do less well on tests than similar students that do not attend private schools.
Of six
recent rigorous studies (linked below), two showed mixed impacts on student outcomes (meaning reading scores improved, but not math scores, or vice versa)-- and the rest of the studies did not show that this practice had any impact on student scores.
Four
recent rigorous studies — in the District of Columbia, Louisiana, Indiana, and Ohio — used different research designs and reached the same result.
Further, the evaluation of the D.C. voucher program only assessed one year of achievement data; however, these are similar to the longer - term impacts found in the other three
recent rigorous studies compared here.
Not exact matches
In its most
recent study, the lab used
rigorous detection techniques to look for such signals in human breast milk.
In a
recent and
rigorous meta - analysis of 11 individual green tea research
studies, scientists concluded that green tea not only helped with significant weight loss, but also helped people keep weight off afterwards — one of the biggest challenges of leading a healthy lifestyle after a cut [2].
A
recent rigorous RAND
study of Carnegie Learning's Cognitive Tutor Algebra I program found that the blended - learning model boosted the average student's performance by approximately eight percentile points.
Schwerdt and Wuppermann observe that in
recent years, a consensus has emerged among researchers that teacher quality «matters enormously for student performance,» but that relatively few
rigorous studies have looked inside the classroom to see what kinds of teaching styles are the most effective.
A
recent rigorous and quantitative
study by the American Institutes of Research (AIR) demonstrates the effectiveness of schools that are designed to develop these outcomes.
And a
recent study found that highly unionized districts have more
rigorous and robust tenure processes.
Two
recent studies in particular, one in San Francisco and the other in Portland, are the more methodologically
rigorous of the frequently cited research on this question.
Winters said most of the research showing retention has a negative effect on students was not as
rigorous as more
recent studies.
In this, our first, issue, Leadership Spotlight introduces a white paper highlighting school leadership development opportunities in ESSA and two
recent research reports — a Wallace Foundation - funded
study by the RAND Corporation and a George W. Bush Institute funded
study by the American Institutes for Research — that identify leadership development programs meeting the
rigorous research requirements under ESSA.
The voucher
studies included in this report are the four most
recent and
rigorous voucher program analyses to be released in the past five years.
Many of those evaluations — in New York City, Dayton, Ohio, and Washington, D.C., as well as in the states of Florida, Minnesota, and Louisiana — reported a modest increase or neutral impact on student achievement and graduation rates.9 The findings of some of these
studies, however, have more recently been called into question as methodological flaws were discovered when adding additional years or replicating the
study.10 As a result,
recent voucher program evaluations employ more
rigorous research methods such as experimental and quasi-experimental designs and refine their use of certain variables.
Selection criteria included
rigorous methods,
recent results, and
studies that are representative of their field.
To the contrary, in a
recent,
rigorous study, Morningstar demonstrated that women are every bit as good at this job as men.
Del Mar at Schwartz: While
studying the
recent pictures by Bay Area painter Lori del Mar at Andrea Schwartz — which deserve and repay careful
study — I recalled a body of work by the
rigorous San Francisco abstractionist John Meyer (1943 - 2002).