Sentences with phrase «receptors on brain cells»

Not exact matches

The scientists observed that transmission of chemical signals between the nerve cells are facilitated by AMPA - receptors and the activity occurs on the brain cell surface.

Using fluorescent antibodies designed specifically to light up the receptor in mice, the investigators observed it on vagus nerves, which serve as a main biochemical connection between airway cells and the brain.

Previous research had shown that nicotine seems to have conflicting effects on different types of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, proteins on the surface of brain cells that respond to nicotine and the naturally occurring neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

In a final experiment, the group gave the animals a compound that prevented LPA from binding to its receptor on mouse brain cells, right before they were injected with hydrocephalus - inducing LPA.

LPA receptors are all over neural progenitor cells, which go on to form neurons and other types of cells in a young brain.

GLP - 1 receptors are also found in the brain, and prior research has shown that activating them can boost the function of dopamine connections, act as an anti-inflammatory, improve energy production, and switch on cell survival signals.

Maged Harraz, Ph.D., a research associate and the first author of the newly published research paper, says the researchers already knew that ketamine interacts with excitatory NMDA receptors on nerve cells in the brain to block their activity.

So Anacker's team decided to test whether the antidepressant sertraline acts on the glucocorticoid receptors of brain cells.

Parkinson's disease, for example, is caused by the overstimulation of the receptors on cells in the brain which respond to the neurotransmitter dopamine.

Morphine and its derivatives seem to exert their effects by binding to specific receptor sites on cells in the brain and the spinal cord.

Akassoglou and her colleagues thought they had a good candidate in the gene for the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), a regulator of cell death in the brain that also switches on soon after liver injuries.

Think of brain cells as rooms with locks called receptors on their surfaces and a hypocretin as a key that is also a stimulant.

The impulses cause glutamate (one of the brain's main neurotransmitters) to pop out of one nerve cell and travel across the synapse to activate the next by binding to its receptors, chemically active signaling stations on the cell surface.

Key to the researchers» efforts to track oxytocin at work in individual brain cells was use of an antibody developed at NYU Langone that specifically binds to oxytocin - receptor proteins on each neuron, allowing the cells to be seen with a microscope.

In a brain slice, Olivia Masseck measures the activity of nerve cells in which she switches on their receptors using light stimulation.

Somatostatin receptors located on brain - cell cilia are required for mice to learn to recognise new objects or to recall familiar ones.

As a result, they are too broad: They affect more than one type of receptor, on more than one kind of nerve cell, in more than one part of the brain.

The tongues of most mammals hold taste receptors — proteins on the cellular surface that bind to an incoming substance, activating the cell's internal workings that lead to a signal being sent to the brain.

• Kappa opioid receptor, a protein on the surface of brain cells that is centrally involved in pleasure as well as in pain, addiction, depression, psychosis and related conditions.

The two species» genes for the vasopressin receptor — which relays the hormone's message to brain cells — have slightly different «promoters,» the switches that turn genes on and off.

The endothelial cells have a receptor for transferrin that acts like a gatekeeper: When transferrin binds to a receptor on the blood side of the barrier, the endothelial cell transports it (and its iron cargo) to the other side and spits it out into the brain.

A huge colony of receptors must be optimally positioned and functioning on our muscle cells for our brains to talk with our bodies so we can walk and breathe.

«For many years, the focus has been on finding drugs that block channels and receptors in the brain that affect the way signals are made between cells.

Those naturally produced opioids, and the opioid drugs that imitate them, inhibit pain by acting on three kinds of opioid receptors — mu, kappa and delta — that are found on the outside of nerve cells in the brain, spinal cord, digestive tract and elsewhere.

Skeletal muscle fiber formation, bone marrow stem cell formation, thymus T - cell formation, TNF - a / INF - gamma production by immune system's macrophages (immunosenescence by IGF loss), neuregulin and brain - derived neutrophic factor depend on IGF - 1 acting on brain IGFR receptors.

Acetylcholine is a major transmitter of signals in the brain, and there are several varieties of receptors, or receiver dishes for the signals, on brain cells.

Glial cell line - derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) was selected based on clear evidence that it increases neuronal sprouting, prevents cell death [20], [21] and has neuroprotective effects in the brain [11], [22]--[24], spinal cord [12] and retina [25]--[30], and because receptors for GDNF are expressed within mature retina [26], [31]--[34].

The two papers identify the functions of two forms of TREM2 — the receptor form that sits on the surface of microglia, and a soluble fragment form that's released into the space surrounding cells in the brain.

He is looking to find whether activating the receptor — transient receptor potential vanilloid - 1, or TRPV1 — on the immune cells that rush to the ailing brain, can reduce the lingering inflammation associated with problems like poor cognition and depression in the aftermath of a TBI.

AUGUSTA, Ga. — A receptor on our immune cells that can detect both the heat of a red chili pepper and the extreme physical heat of a pizza oven may help protect the brain following a traumatic brain injury, scientists say.

Previous research by Dixson and others has shown that as water becomes more acidic, it begins to interfere with a structure — called a receptor — on cells in a fish's brain.

This overloads the receptors in the brain and on the fat cells themselves.

THC binds cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), mainly localized in the brain, while cannabinol (CBN) binds CB2, which exists mainly on immune cells.

Dietary fibre modifications that are low in fat and glucose reduce the risk for AD by not only effecting cell membranes and nutrient sensing G coupled receptors but also by regulating number of nuclear receptors such as histone deacetylases (HDAC) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPAR) that control glucose, fatty acids and cholesterol and have significant effects on the brain cholesterol homeostasis and amyloidosis.

The receptors on the cell membranes change when the body shifts from burning sugars to burning ketones (for example, MCT - 1 receptor in the brain gets activated when ketones are present).

Effects of prenatal nicotine exposure on primate brain development and attempted amelioration with supplemental choline or vitamin C: Neurotransmitter receptors, cell signaling and cell development biomarkers in fetal brain regions of rhesus monkeys