The World Health Organisation1 and UK government
recommend exclusive breast feeding for the first six months of life.
Rose deVigne Jackiewicz: Well, the world health organization
recommends exclusive breast feeding for 6 months and up to 2 years with complementary foods.
The consultation
recommended exclusive breast feeding for six months, with introduction of complementary foods and continued breast feeding thereafter.19 Given this recommendation, it is important that the role of exclusive, predominant, or any breast feeding duration in the prevention of childhood illness and infection is properly quantified and acknowledged.
Not exact matches
For mothers, the American Academy of Pediatrics
recommends that infants, with a strong chance of having food allergies due to family history, to have
exclusive breast -
feeding for six months, use a hypoallergenic formulas when not
breast -
feeding, have mother avoid peanuts and tree nuts during lactation, delay introduction of cow's milk until 12 months, eggs until 24 months, and peanuts, tree nuts, and fish until age 3, and to have no maternal dietary restriction during pregnancy.
The American Academy of Pediatrics
recommends exclusive breast -
feeding for a baby's first six months and continued
breast -
feeding for the second six months, along with solid foods.
WHO
recommends exclusive breastfeeding for six months continued up to two years with complementary foods but too many babies in the Region are
fed breast - milk substitutes, such as infant formula and «growing - up milks».
Breastfeeding is an unequalled way of providing ideal food for the healthy growth and development of infants1, providing protection from morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases2 and chronic diseases later in life.3
Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended, starting within one hour of birth and for the first 6 months of life, with continued breastfeeding to 2 years of age and beyond.4 However, rates of initiation, exclusive breastfeeding and breastfeeding duration have fallen since the widespread introduction and promotion of breast - milk substitutes.5 Successful breastfeeding depends on a number of factors, including a re-normalisation of breastfeeding as the infant feeding method of choice through antenatal counselling and education and breastfeeding support to prevent and resolve breastfeeding diff
Exclusive breastfeeding is
recommended, starting within one hour of birth and for the first 6 months of life, with continued breastfeeding to 2 years of age and beyond.4 However, rates of initiation,
exclusive breastfeeding and breastfeeding duration have fallen since the widespread introduction and promotion of breast - milk substitutes.5 Successful breastfeeding depends on a number of factors, including a re-normalisation of breastfeeding as the infant feeding method of choice through antenatal counselling and education and breastfeeding support to prevent and resolve breastfeeding diff
exclusive breastfeeding and breastfeeding duration have fallen since the widespread introduction and promotion of
breast - milk substitutes.5 Successful breastfeeding depends on a number of factors, including a re-normalisation of breastfeeding as the infant
feeding method of choice through antenatal counselling and education and breastfeeding support to prevent and resolve breastfeeding difficulties.
Exclusive breast feeding (excluding all other foods) of infants for the first four to six months of life, if possible, is
recommended for its beneficial effects.
This fact needs to be continually reiterated to decision makers as otherwise manufacturers of
breast milk substitutes will capitalise on HIV infection as a reason for promoting free samples of their formula.10 It is extraordinary that the Wall Street Journal painted the baby food manufacturers as heroes poised to save African children from certain death because of their offer to donate free formula to HIV infected mothers.11 The WHO
recommends avoidance of
breast feeding by HIV infected mothers only if replacement
feeding is feasible, safe, sustainable, and affordable — otherwise
exclusive breast feeding is
recommended during the first six months of life.12 Non-infected women must be given access to credible information, quality care, and support, in order to empower them to make informed decisions regarding
feeding of their infant.13
While antenatal education and counselling is helpful, 8 68 % of mothers said that early problems with
breast feeding was the main reason they stopped nursing before two months postpartum.7 Other barriers were lack of knowledge about
breast feeding and lack of support from health professionals.7 Women value being shown how to
breast feed rather than being told how to.9 10 Evidence of effective interventions to improve
exclusive breast feeding for the
recommended duration of six months is sparse.
A randomised trial in Brazil that compared a hospital based protocol (similar to the baby friendly hospital initiative) with another incorporating intensive home visits, however, found that while the protocol achieved high rates of
exclusive breast feeding in hospital, the rates fell rapidly thereafter.27 These findings were confirmed in the UK by the millennium cohort study, 5 and the authors
recommended that the baby friendly hospital initiative as a strategy for promotion of
breast feeding should be reassessed and that other strategies are required to support mothers in the UK to
breast feed for the
recommended duration.5 27 Although combined antenatal education and postnatal support is ideal, this may be limited by economic or time resources.
The recent NICE evidence into practice briefing on promotion of initiation and duration of
breast feeding, 4 however,
recommended that education and support should be targeted at women with low incomes to increase rates of
exclusive breast feeding.