Masmanidis is developing silicon - based electrodes that can
record electrical signals from the brain while the miniscope records imaging data.
They can also be used to
record electrical signals inside the brain — a useful tool for neuroscience.
At the end of the second year, they moved to John O'Keefe's group at University College of London where, Moser says, he expanded his knowledge by learning to
record electrical signals from individual neurons in the hippocampus.
As the animals learned, the researchers
recorded electrical signals from individual neurons in the amygdala, a brain structure that forms memories of fearful experiences.
Concurrently, the research team
recorded electrical signals from TRN neurons and also tracked the mice's behavior while at the same time inactivating various parts of the brain's neural circuits with a laser beam.
Not exact matches
Their
electrical and chemical
signals can be detected,
recorded and interpreted, and their chemicals can be identified; the connections that constitute the brain's woven feltwork can be mapped.
They managed to
record the reactions at very high resolution, as the
electrical signals were carefully controlled and could therefore be delivered multiple times with exact reproducibility.
The hair cells formed normal bundles (see images) that responded to sound waves and
signaled the brain, as measured by
electrical recordings.
Using microelectrodes, the researchers
recorded the
electrical activity of pheromone - sensitive interneurons in male American cockroaches that relay
signals of female - producing sex pheromones in the antennal lobe (functional homolog to the mammalian olfactory bulb) to higher - order centers.
Interestingly, by
recording the
electrical activity in the spinal cords of mice depleted of NPY interneurons, the researchers discovered that the NPY neurons seem to selectively inhibit or gate light touch
signals coming from hairy skin, but not the non-hairy (glabrous) skin, such as the skin found on your palm.
Electrical recordings of
signals transmitted from the hippocampus suggested that the animals had developed place cells — cells that are believed to convey a sense of location — and that these cells were firing when an animal passed through a familiar place.
After two or more weeks of
recording the activity, doctors program the device to specifically respond to these abnormal
signals by delivering imperceptible
electrical pulses to the brain that normalize the activity.
In studying the functional behavior of the brain, from control of muscles to the formation of memories, scientists are using such tools such as electron microscopy,
recordings of
electrical signals from individual brain cells, and imaging of brain structures and processes using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and high - resolution optical imaging.
In the approximately 30 seconds between a rat's last heartbeat and the point when its brain stopped producing
signals, the team carefully
recorded its neuronal oscillations, or the frequency with which brain cells were firing their
electrical signals.
Rose and neuroscience doctoral student Rishi Alluri used a novel combination of
recording electrical activity of single brain cells and blocking neurotransmitter chemicals that carry nerve
signals from one nerve cell or neuron to the next.
The team is exploring controlling their exoskeleton via patients» electromyography (EMG)
signal — which
records electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles — so that they'll be more actively involved in their training.
18 healthy volunteers were monitored by using EEG to measure the
electrical activity generated by their brains» neurons (the
signalling cells) while simultaneously
recording fMRI measurements.
At the same time, she measured
electrical signals in neighboring neurons using microelectrodes that can
record small voltage changes across a neuron's membrane.
Assistant Professor Arindam Basu from NTU's School of
Electrical and Electronic Engineering said the research team have tested the chip on data
recorded from animal models, which showed that it could decode the brain's
signal to the hand and fingers with 95 per cent accuracy.
They
recorded electrical activity just outside individual brain cells of interest, and compared the
signal with sounds the birds made.
Itâ $ ™ s an example of the kinds of insights that can be obtained from implantable
electrical stimulation devices, which can
record signals from seizures inside the brain over long periods of time (more than a year).
It means
recording the
signals that the brain is trying to send via the spinal cord, translating them into an
electrical stimulus pattern that the nervous system understands, and then providing that pattern of
electrical stimulation at some point below the level of the injury.
Also in the department of psychology, Geoffrey Woodman studies how
electrical signals recorded from the scalp reveal cognitive processes like attention and short - term memory, and he has extended this to research with monkeys so that he can locate the sources of the
signals.
Other investigators include Frank Tong, who has pioneered methods to «decode» mental states from brain imaging
signals, and Sean Polyn, who uses brain imaging methods as well as
recordings of the
electrical signals from the scalp to learn how memories are formed and retrieved.
The research, published online on April 18 in the journal Lab on a Chip, describes the successful
recording of both
electrical signals and cellular beating from normal human heart cells grown on a multi-electrode array developed at the Lab.
• Conduct movement of rail cars • Couple and uncouple cars as and when required • Observe, interpret and relay arm or radio
signals when needed • Inspect train and equipment condition on a regular basis • Couple air and
electrical connections between locomotives • Maintain
records • Throw track switches to facilitate shunting and tie handbrakes • Observe
signals from other crew members