In a 150 - year climate simulation, researchers expected that heat radiating off of West African dust would
reduce ocean cloud cover.
Not exact matches
But at breaks in the
cloud deck, smoke has the opposite effect: It is brighter than the dark
ocean surface, reflecting solar radiation and
reducing warming.
According to the new findings, Earth may be able to significantly
reduce global warming by releasing some of the heat through a «vent» in the
cloud cover over the Pacific
Ocean.
Ultimately, the group focused its investigation on the five strategies that appear to hold the most promise:
reducing emissions, sequestering carbon through biological means on land and in the
ocean, storing carbon dioxide in a liquefied form in underground geological formations and wells, increasing Earth's
cloud cover and solar reflection.
As a result of atmospheric patterns that both warmed the air and
reduced cloud cover as well as increased residual heat in newly exposed
ocean waters, such melting helped open the fabled Northwest Passage for the first time [see photo] this summer and presaged tough times for polar bears and other Arctic animals that rely on sea ice to survive, according to the U.S. Geological Survey.
They concluded that the warming
ocean had lifted
clouds from Monteverde's ridge tops,
reducing the moisture available during the toad's breeding season.
This would create a low level barrier of marine
clouds that would
reduce sunlight warming the surface
ocean.
In our own modelling, we have improved the calculations to
reduce the amount of numerical diffusion (which helped a lot), and increased resolution (which also helped), but changes to the
ocean model also have a big impact, as do Arctic
cloud processes and surface albedo parameterisations, so it gets complicated fast.
Particularly «The Sea Surface Temperatures of the East Indian and West Pacific
Oceans remain elevated during the La Nina because the stronger trade winds
reduce cloud cover.»
The Sea Surface Temperatures of the East Indian and West Pacific
Oceans remain elevated during the La Nina because the stronger trade winds
reduce cloud cover.
While there are some similarities between the approaches, an important difference is that the slab -
ocean approach allows surface and MBL temperatures to adjust to the energetic perturbation: positive energetic forcing of the surface leads to warming, weakens the inversion, and
reduces low -
cloud cover and liquid water path (LWP).
Its warming effect, however, is simultaneously amplified and dampened by positive and negative feedbacks such as increased water vapor (the most powerful greenhouse gas),
reduced albedo, which is a measure of Earth's reflectivity, changes in
cloud characteristics, and CO2 exchanges with the
ocean and terrestrial ecosystems.
The persistent upwelling of cold water in the eastern tropical Pacific would have
reduced cloud cover there, via
reduced oceanic evaporation, and thus allowed more of the sun's energy to enter the tropical
ocean - this would have aided the
ocean warming process, as generally the case when the tropical
ocean is cooler - than - normal.
The saturated lapse rate will be
reduced beneath the
clouds and increased above them with little change in
ocean surface temperature.
Solar cycles, aerosols,
cloud cover and greenhouse gas concentrations each play a roll, and in general, increasing CO2, methane, and N2O in the troposphere will serve to
reduce the net flow of energy from
oceans to space.
The last cycle was weaker (and so was the minimum in the low altitude
cloud cover) which should translate into a
reduced warming... and indeed the heat content in the upper
oceans decreased, and GW stopped in 2001.
The challenge now is distinguish what portion of rising CO2
reduced clouds and what portion of natural reduction in
clouds raised
ocean temperatures increasing CO2.»
Could it be that the
ocean has maintained surface temperatures at a high level these last seven years because it is dissipating heat it gained while the sun was very active and
cloud albedo was
reduced in the later C20th?
«Sometimes when that curtain is pulled, as in the case over the North Atlantic
ocean in the winter months, this
reduces the overall
cloud cover» in the lower mid-latitudes, the temperate regions outside of the tropics, Tselioudis said.
A slight change of
ocean temperature (after a delay caused by the high specific heat of water, the annual mixing of thermocline waters with deeper waters in storms) ensures that rising CO2
reduces infrared absorbing H2O vapour while slightly increasing
cloud cover (thus Earth's albedo), as evidenced by the fact that the NOAA data from 1948 - 2008 shows a fall in global humidity (not the positive feedback rise presumed by NASA's models!)
Environmentalists demand government stop global warming, but oppose remedial actions like spreading iron filings on the
oceans to increase uptake of CO2 or spraying chemicals into the atmosphere to create
clouds (chemtrails) to block sunlight and
reduce global temperatures.
Soon, with the sun beating down on an
ocean with
reduced clouds, it warms up all across the Eastern Pacific.
The truth may well that the atmospheric greenhouse effect is minimal and quickly
reduced by convection, condensation into
clouds and rainfall and the real thermostat is the
oceans.
Or, agricultural and industrial civilisation alters (silica feeding diatoms, oil smoothing etc etc) the
ocean's biochemistry and (aerosol modification)
reduces cloud cover and hence albedo.
To me, the prime suspect behind any real warming is changes in
cloud cover which may have
reduced albedo and may have allowed the
oceans to absorb more solar energy.
The Nature study suggests that global warming will mix growing amounts of higher, drier air with
ocean clouds over the course of the century, thinning out the
clouds and
reducing their cooling effect.
I can think of a number of reasons why measured
Ocean Heat content may be increasing or seem to be increasing even when albedo due to
clouds increases
reducing the amount of heat to the surface.
At least not if increased marine low
cloud formation
reduces DSW flux to the upper
ocean layer.
By warming the upper
ocean (agrees with observations) and
reducing low
cloud cover (unclear from observations: ISCCP data are routinely over - interpreted / downright misrepresented on this point).
Another explanation is that the
oceans have been warmed by more light from
reduced cloud cover — perhaps?
In the northern hemisphere due to the current land / sea distribution the more equatorward the
cloud moves the more
ocean surface it will cover thus
reducing total solar input to the
oceans and
reducing the rate of accretion to
ocean energy content
The probl is the «scientists» get paid to fit emissions into the equation consequently ignore other factors that do provide for AGW such as
reduced ITCZ
cloud mass ensuring the tropical
oceans absorb more SW.
Yes,
clouds intercept sunlight which
reduces this flux ITO and OTO (out of the
ocean, = ITO).
Reduced equatorial
cloud cover during La Nina (due to the cooler sea surface temperature), combined with the strong upwelling (Ekman suction) in the eastern equatorial Pacific, does indeed lead to greater warming of the
ocean - because it's bringing cool subsurface water to the surface, where it can be heated by the sun.