A fifteen - year follow - up of the Prenatal / Early Infancy Project in Elmira, New York, showed that the nurse home visits significantly
reduced child abuse and neglect in participating families, as well as
arrest rates for the children and mothers.35 The women who received the program also spent much less time on welfare; those who were poor and unmarried had significantly fewer
subsequent births.
A subgroup analysis of high risk women who were unmarried and from low SES households (40 %) showed that home visits
reduced the number of
subsequent births (mean difference [MD] 0.5, p = 0.02), months that women received welfare (MD 29.9, p = 0.005), reports of behavioural impairment due to substance abuse (incidence 0.41 v 0.73, p = 0.005), records of
arrests (incidence 0.16 v 0.90, p < 0.001), convictions (incidence 0.13 v 0.69, p < 0.001), and verified reports of child abuse and neglect involving the mother as perpetrator (incidence 0.11 v 0.53, p < 0.01).