Sentences with phrase «reduced calcification»

These geologically ancient, long - lived, slow - growing and fragile reefs will suffer reduced calcification rates and, as the aragonite saturation horizon moves towards the ocean surface, large parts of the oceans will cease to support them by 2100 (Feely et al., 2004; Orr et al., 2005; Raven et al., 2005; Guinotte et al., 2006).

These responses include impacts on calcification rates [18,19], immune function [20], reproduction and carryover effects in larval and juvenile stages of invertebrates [21], enhanced productivity in phytobenthos [22 — 25] but reduced calcification and growth in calcareous algae [26 — 28].

This has been demonstrated in time - series studies of coral community calcification [17], and reduced calcification in marine communities has been associated with natural CO2 seeps [18,19].

Source: Nature, Reduced Calcification of Marine Phytoplankton in Response to Increased Atmospheric CO2, Issue 407 p. 364 -367

But in this study, «after adjusting for age, sex, race, education, smoking, and apnea risk,» the authors note, «longer measured sleep duration was associated with reduced calcification incidence.»

Dissolving calcium carbonate (CaCO3) sands could greatly exacerbate reef loss associated with reduced calcification but is presently poorly constrained.

«The algae reduce the calcification only when it is costly for them — namely under ocean acidification,» says Professor Reusch.

So topical vasodilators and magnesium oil which reduces calcification (in turn increasing blood flow!).

You can also add a few drops of magnesium oil which will help with hair loss by reducing calcification of the hair follicles.

Strangely enough, although some researchers fret higher CO2 concentrations will reduce calcification, it is the very process of calcification that results in the «alkalinity pump.»

The diminishing availability of carbonate ion -LRB--RRB-, and ensuing reduction in calcium carbonate (CaCO3) saturation states are widely reported to reduce calcification in a wide range [11,12] of, but not all, calcifying organisms [13,14].

Doubling CO2 will reduce calcification in aragonitic corals by 20 % -60 % (Kleypas et al., 1999; Kleypas and Langdon, 2002; Reynaud et al., 2003; Raven et al., 2005).

Not exact matches

In particular, cold waters of the Southern Ocean show higher concentrations of CO2 and lower in CaCO3, and this reduces the availability of the carbonate required for the calcification process.

They detected greater levels of calcified deposits and reduced levels of a protein that inhibits calcification in individuals with premature membrane rupture compared to a control group that underwent term cesarean sections.

In addition, reductions in calcification from lowered pH in surface waters could reduce phytoplankton sinking rates through loss of ballast (Hofmann and Schellnhuber, 2009), though this effect will depend on the ratio of the fraction of ballasted vs. un-ballasted fractions of the sinking POC.

Reduced food supply owing to lower POC fluxes could exacerbate these impacts because the metabolic cost of increased rates of calcification become greater as pH declines (Wood et al., 2008).

Fetal neurosonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have also showed diffuse calcification in the subcortical parenchyma and thalamic areas, ventriculomegaly, lissencephaly, and pachygyria (ie, smooth brains with reduced gyral ridges).6 Nevertheless, to our knowledge, a systematic follow - up of clinical and morphological features of these cases along with anatomic and pathological descriptions associated with congenital ZIKV infection has not been reported.

First, there may be some factor not yet identified that can both reduce sleep duration and increase calcification.

These may be driven by physiological influences on the foraminiferal microenvironment; a novel explanation is also suggested for the reduced δ11B - pH sensitivities observed in culture, based on variable calcification rates.

During the entire period of simulation, net reef calcification decreased although increasing seawater temperature mitigated effects of reduced CO2 emission and the resulting decrease of the pH values on reef calcification.

And it's not clear if trying to get more sleep can reduce coronary artery calcification.

In the large Rotterdam study looking at dietary data from 4,000 adults over a period of 7 - 10 years, researchers found that those with the highest intakes of vitamin K2 had a 52 % reduced risk of severe arterial calcification and a 57 % lower risk of dying from heart disease (27).

A large scale human study called the Rotterdam Study showed that people with the highest dietary intake of vitamin K2 had a 50 % reduced risk of aortic calcification and cardiovascular death than those with the lowest dietary intake.

First, both vitamin A56, 103 and ibandronate84 (a drug that also inhibits Warfarin toxicity) reduce or eliminate the soft tissue calcification and other toxic effects of vitamin D without substantially reducing the vitamin D - induced hypercalcemia.

It could be that the nerves in my Dad's heart might be misbehaving because they are abnormal AND because they are being assaulted by stressors resulting from his very standard American diet such as systemic inflammation, calcifications, reduced blood viscosity, reduced nitrous oxide, or any of the other chronic insults to our hearts and vascular system that results when we eat animal proteins, lots of fat, especially saturated fat, and highly processed junk plant foods.

In the Rotterdam Study, subjects consumed nearly ten times more K1 than K2; a high intake of K2 reduced the risk of severe arterial calcification by 52 percent and reduced heart disease mortality by 57 percent, while a high intake of K1 had no effect.21

Another study, following over 500 post-menopausal women, found that high dietary vitamin K2 intake, but probably not vitamin K1 (phylloquinone,) was associated with reduced coronary calcification.

The study concluded that higher vitamin K2 consumption reduced arterial calcification.

* It is also shown to prevent bone loss and promote bone integrity while significantly reducing the incidence of arterial calcification, promoting optimal cardiovascular function.

The goal of the massages / exercises is to reduce fibrosis and calcification of the scalp, whilst increasing blood flow and elasticity.

In the case of calcification, however, they indicate that this process was reduced, but by only up to 9 %.

The more energy is needed for calcification, the less is available for other biological processes like growth or reproduction, reducing the organisms» weight and overall competitiveness and viability.

Lower calcification rates would reduce the alkalinity pump, reduce surface CO2 and increase the buffering capacity of surface waters.

Coral bleaching and slowing of coral calcification already are causing mass mortalities, increased coral disease, and reduced reef carbonate accretion, thus disrupting coral reef ecosystem health [40], [124].

Experimental evidence suggests that this decreasing pH will reduce the calcium carbonate concentration, compromising the calcification of the skeletons of marine organisms, such as corals and planktonic mollusks (pteropods).

* The rising CO2 content of the atmosphere may induce very small changes in the well - buffered ocean chemistry (pH) that could slightly reduce coral calcification rates; but potential positive effects of hydrospheric CO2 enrichment may more than compensate for this modest negative phenomenon.

A growing number of studies have demonstrated adverse impacts on marine organisms, including decreases in rates of coral calcification, reduced ability of algae and zooplankton to maintain protective shells, and reduced survival of larval marine shellfish and fish [13], [14], [15].

Reduced larval calcification in near - future ocean acidification conditions is also evident for the calcifying larvae of molluscs [87,88].

When calcifications and plaque build up in the arteries, blood flow can be reduced, and, if enough of these deposits build up, they can cause a heart attack or stroke.