«
Reduced sea ice conditions and unusually high air temperatures have facilitated the ice shelf losses,» said Luke Copland of the University of Ottawa.
This together with
the reduced sea ice conditions along the west coast of the AP (another climate change effect), is undoubtedly increasing the ship traffic in the area — and with it the likelihood of iceberg collisions.
Says Chad Jay, the report's lead author: «We're really in a phase of trying to see how the walruses respond to
reduced sea ice conditions.
Not exact matches
We interpret the split of 2013 Outlooks above and below the 4.1 level to different interpretations of the guiding physics: those who considered that observed
sea ice extent in 2012 being well below the 4.1 level indicates a shift in arctic
conditions, especially with regard to
reduced sea ice thickness and increased
sea ice mobility; and those who have estimates above 4.1 who support a return to the longer - term downward trend line (1979 - 2007).
We interpret the split of 2013 Outlooks above and below the 4.1 median to different interpretations of the guiding physics: those who considered that observed
sea ice extent in 2012 being well below the 4.1 level indicates a shift in arctic
conditions, especially with regard to
reduced sea ice thickness and increased
sea ice mobility; and those with estimates above 4.1 who support a return to the longer - term downward trend line (1979 - 2007).
Partly in response to
reduced sea -
ice conditions and milder climates they were able to establish settlements in Iceland, southern Greenland (Erik the Red, c. 985), and in eastern North America (Vinland; Leif Eriksson, c. 1000).
Whereas most proxy - based reconstructions point to an early - middle LIG climatic optimum with
reduced summer
sea ice concentrations between 126 and 116 ka, the results of our model simulations only support a pronounced reduction in summer
sea ice concentration for the LIG - 125 and LIG - 130 runs (in both time slice as well as transient runs; Figs. 8 and 9), but also indicate that
sea ice was still present in the central Arctic Ocean even under climatic
conditions significantly warmer than today (Fig. 4).
We document that even under such warmer climate
conditions,
sea ice existed in the central Arctic Ocean during summer, whereas sea ice was significantly reduced along the Barents Sea continental margin influenced by Atlantic Water infl
sea ice existed in the central Arctic Ocean during summer, whereas
sea ice was significantly reduced along the Barents Sea continental margin influenced by Atlantic Water infl
sea ice was significantly
reduced along the Barents
Sea continental margin influenced by Atlantic Water infl
Sea continental margin influenced by Atlantic Water inflow.
The thinner seasonal
ice conditions helped
reduce the amount of
ice, leading to the 2007 record low amount of total Arctic
sea ice.
In addition, a combination of thinner
sea ice initial
conditions [Kwok and Rothrock 2009] and high surface temperature would significantly
reduce arctic
sea ice coverage.
We know that during the LIA
sea -
ice reached Scotland in the winter, so it is very counter-intuitive that under much colder glacial
conditions sea ice would actually be
reduced.
In those studies,
sea ice exhibits nonlinear behavior such that when it is reduced below a certain threshold (the «Small Ice Cap Instability» threshold), the model sea ice abruptly reverts to year - round ice - free conditio
ice exhibits nonlinear behavior such that when it is
reduced below a certain threshold (the «Small
Ice Cap Instability» threshold), the model sea ice abruptly reverts to year - round ice - free conditio
Ice Cap Instability» threshold), the model
sea ice abruptly reverts to year - round ice - free conditio
ice abruptly reverts to year - round
ice - free conditio
ice - free
conditions.
However, July
conditions greatly
reduced sea ice drift speed in the Beaufort Sea and produced a counterclockwise drift pattern in the Laptev Sea (Figure 5a, botto
sea ice drift speed in the Beaufort
Sea and produced a counterclockwise drift pattern in the Laptev Sea (Figure 5a, botto
Sea and produced a counterclockwise drift pattern in the Laptev
Sea (Figure 5a, botto
Sea (Figure 5a, bottom).
In the context of the last 30 years, Gerland et al. note typical
ice conditions in the Greenland
Sea and
reduced ice cover in the Barents
Sea for July.