Sentences with phrase «reference emissions levels»

This activity report contains a description of the proceedings of an expert meeting on forest reference emission levels and forest reference levels for implementation of activities for REDD + (reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries, as well as conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of carbon stocks) which was held from 14 - 15 November 2011, in Bonn, Germany.

On June 6, Brazil became the first Party to deliver a REDD + reference emission level to the UNFCCC under new rules established in Warsaw.

For example, there was a debate with the forestry ministry in developing and submitting the Forest Reference Emissions Level.

Not exact matches

The emission reductions are relative to a reference case (dashed grey line) in which technology and fuel mixes are frozen at Year 2010 levels.

This workshop will discuss key environmental considerations in the development of a REDD offset program including the establishment of reference levels against which emissions reductions should be measured, systems to monitor, report and verify avoided deforestation and degradation, and ways to ensure that programmatic emissions reductions are in addition to those that would have otherwise taken place.

In the AEO2015 Reference case, which does not include the proposed Clean Power Plan rule, EIA projects power sector CO2 emissions to hover near their 2013 level, and remain below 2005 levels through 2040.

If the ROW recommendations are acted upon, then the Chiapas program will have to have a robust reference level and monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) guidelines in addition to a strategy to reduce emissions, Janson - Smith says.

The Royal Society report includes references to Clark et al, 2016 in Nature Climate Change, suggesting the final sea level rise on millennia timescale caused by anthropogenic climate change (partly depending on future emissions) lies in a range between 29 to 55 metres and to DeConto & Pollard, 2016 in Nature, a study suggesting hydro - fracturing and ice cliff collapse around Antarctic ice sheets increases high end projection for sea level rise by 2100 to ± 2 metres.

Two rounds of analysis were performed using reference scenario emissions, with emission control levels adjusted so that regional surface pollutant concentrations were consistent with the assumed regional income levels (Smith et al. 2011).

Pollutant gas and aerosol emissions levels in the reference scenario were checked for consistency by estimating regional surface particulate and ozone levels using the MOZART atmospheric chemistry model.

Differences in carbon prices can be attributed to differences in reference scenario emissions, and thus the level of abatement required, along with differences in the cost of abatement technologies.

When we associate years with warming, sea level, and city commitments, we are referencing the 21st century years when the commitments are established through cumulative emissions, not the years farther in the future when the commitments are realized through sustained temperature increases and SLR.

The energy system reference cases used for future greenhouse gas (GHG) emission pathways in climate change research are a case in point: baseline emission scenarios commonly project levels of coal combustion many times higher than current reserve estimates by the year 2100.

Thought the spreadsheet claims to use CDIAC emissions data, the data is not to be found and does not appear to be referenced anywhere, though it would seem that is was used in some way to estimate the pre-industrial level of 287ppmv this working is not included in the spreadsheet.

The forest management reference levels for some Annex I Parties have been set in a way that allows them to hide increases in emissions from managing their forests and therefore allows them to avoid undertaking mitigation actions in other sectors.

The reference level approach would allow Annex I Parties to increase net emissions of greenhouse gases relative to current levels over the next commitment period without penalty.

If a reference level proposed by Switzerland based on reported emissions occurring in the period 2001 - 2005 were used, however, the percentage of unaccounted for emissions almost doubles to around four percent.

Although it is speculation, it would appear that the reference by the United States to an 80 % reduction commitment by 2050 originally made to the G8 was influenced by a 2007 report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007, p776) which concluded that developed nations needed to reduce ghg emissions by 25 % to 40 % below 1990 emissions levels by 2020 and 80 % to 95 % by 2050 for the world to have any reasonable chance of limiting warming to 2 °C.

Beyond this, the details — including the forests and countries included in the scheme, reference levels for measuring emissions reductions, distribution of funds, and financing — are still being negotiated during a series of UNFCCC meetings culminating in this year's Conference of the Parties in Copenhagen (COP - 15).

It would appear that some of the national commitments that are referenced in the Cancun agreements are based upon grandfathering emissions reductions from existing levels not on what justice requires of nations.

Environmental Research Letters Increased importance of methane reduction for a 1.5 degree target By William J Collins1, 6, Christopher P Webber1, Peter M Cox2, Chris Huntingford3, Jason Lowe4, 5, Stephen Sitch2, Sarah E Chadburn2, 5, Edward Comyn - Platt3, Anna B Harper2, Garry Hayman3Show full author list Published 20 April 2018 • © 2018 Environmental Research Letters, Volume 13, Number 5 Article PDF Figures References PDF Article information Abstract To understand the importance of methane on the levels of carbon emission reductions required to achieve...

The Cancun agreements call on developing countries planning to undertake such efforts to develop: a national strategy or action plan; a national forest or forest emission reference level; and a transparent national system for monitoring and reporting of conservation and emission - reduction efforts.

Many negotiators tell Ecosystem Marketplace that REDD itself is no longer a contentious issue, but that things get hairy when they try to digest the decision made in Bali to expand the land - use debate from REDD alone into broader issues of «conservation, sustainable management of forests, changes in forest cover and associated carbon stocks and greenhouse gas emissions and the enhancement of forest carbon stocks to enhance action on mitigation of climate change and to the consideration of reference levels.»

Nonetheless, the ministers left many issues unresolved to be concluded by the next COP in Mexico City, such as the global targets and timeframe for halting deforestation and for finance (which in previous versions were suggested to be 50 % by 2020 and to halt gross deforestation by 2030 and targets to provide finance amounting to $ 15 - 25 billion by 2020), the institutional arrangements (such as market versus public finance mechanisms, a forest emissions inventory, reference levels and a national or international registry), sub national reference levels for initial phases, the measuring, monitoring and verifying (MRV) systems and benefit distribution mechanisms.

Some are described, with references, in the RC piece by Corrine Le Quere, but other data include the quantitative bookkeeping from industrial emissions records, as well as data on changing atmospheric O2 and C14 levels.