«Many of the ways in which public and private schools differ
reflect differences in their student population,» says the essay.
Policymakers should be cautious in interpreting this sort of evidence, however, as the apparent benefits of certification could merely
reflect differences in the students placed in their classrooms.
Tracking, on the other hand, refers to grouping students between classses, offering academic courses in subjects that
reflect differences in students» prior learning or ability.
Not exact matches
The GRE scores» correlation with
students» background doesn't mean that the exam is biased against certain groups, but that it
reflects differences in environment and access to opportunities, says David Payne, vice president and chief operating officer of global education at ETS.
Evaluations led by Harvard's Tom Kane and MIT's Josh Angrist have used this lottery - based method to convince most skeptics that the impressive test - score performance of the Boston charter sector
reflects real
differences in school quality rather than the types of
students charter schools serve.
Part of this
difference reflects the areas of the city
in which charter schools are located and the racial and ethnic makeup of the surrounding neighborhoods, which supply most of the
students.
After taking into account
differences in socioeconomic status, we found that parents of higher - achieving
students are more likely to make a request, which perhaps
reflects greater sophistication or interest on the part of these families.
I think the performance assessments that should make the most
difference for
students should be developed by teachers to
reflect state standards and the school's curriculum and provide flexibility so that
students can show their capacity
in multiple ways.
But it is unclear to what degree they
reflect racial bias as opposed to
differences in socioeconomic status and levels of academic preparation between white
students and black
students that could influence both expectations and outcomes.
In light of these
differences, it is possible that the poor outcomes at closure schools
reflected students» incoming readiness rather than the schools» effectiveness at ensuring
student success.
Otherwise, the classifications could
reflect differences in how often the charter schools place
students in these programs rather than their
students» traits.
Many educators feel that this method, combined with teacher narrative, better
reflects student progress because it makes allowances for individual
differences in learning rate and style, emphasizes real learning over test scores, and minimizes subjective considerations.
A
difference in mean participation rates across groups could
reflect over-identification of
students in one group, under - identification of
students in another, or «just right» identification across groups.
The activity pushes staff to look beyond their lessons to
reflect on how well they actually know their
students, driving them to build real connections that can make a
difference in a child's future.
When a doctoral
student asked protestors what they could do to make a
difference, Teitel
reflected on his decades of experience working
in school improvement and leadership, and how schools are levelers of society.
Differences in the performance of «gifted
students» and «remedial
students»
reflect the curriculum they are exposed to and not their ability, argues Darling - Hammond, professor of education at Stanford University.
In the Australian Curriculum: Work Studies, Years 9 — 10, students are given opportunities to explore similarities and differences in cultural values, beliefs and practices in the context of work and enterprise and reflect on intercultural experience
In the Australian Curriculum: Work Studies, Years 9 — 10,
students are given opportunities to explore similarities and
differences in cultural values, beliefs and practices in the context of work and enterprise and reflect on intercultural experience
in cultural values, beliefs and practices
in the context of work and enterprise and reflect on intercultural experience
in the context of work and enterprise and
reflect on intercultural experiences.
If the teacher's high value - added
in school A
reflects her teaching ability, then the performance of
students in grade 4
in school B should go up by the
difference in the effectiveness between her and the teacher she is replacing.
This suggests that citizen ratings do
reflect differences in the growth
in student achievement across schools, but that this is primarily because of the correlation between achievement levels and achievement growth.
While impressive data sets were assembled on the achievement levels of thousands of
students in public and private schools, statisticians could not be sure whether observed
differences reflected the quality of the schools or the
students who self - selected into them.
One might expect that significant variations
in teaching quality across schools would be
reflected in significant
differences in student achievement among the HSS and LSS.
In order to cross this divide, educators must, not only understand the cultural
differences between them and their
students, but also be able to
reflect on their own cultural relevance and how this may benefit or harm the school community.
The author suggests that
in order detect
differences in school quality, the evidence we gather must
reflect the extent of
student mastery of learning targets that are much more precise.
As educators work together with CCE consultants to engage
in discourse, gather and
reflect on data, and continuously improve, their solutions become increasingly more relevant and respectful of individual and cultural
differences, corresponding to how
students best learn.
«I've seen the
difference it can make when a
student is able to see him or herself
reflected in that teacher
in the front of the classroom,» said Robert Whitman, principal at Manual Arts High School
in Los Angeles Unified.
A high school principal who was a child
in Iran
reflects on what immigrant and refugee
students need most: an education that embraces their
difference
And this disparity is
reflected in actual spending by districts; current expenditures per pupil range from $ 8,659 to $ 22,962; the
difference equates to more than $ 357,000 per year
in a classroom of 25
students.
Grade retention that results from narrow measures of academic preparedness can increase
student risk for problems
in school, including increased drop - out rates, and even when the
student is promoted, the use of such assessments to sort
students creates tracks within grade levels that
reflect racial, ethnic, and social - class
differences and that function to direct entire categories of
students toward low - wage jobs or incarceration.
And if there are
differences, it allows the
students to discuss the merits of different approaches.117 Providing sample or model email responses for
students to review after class can allow
students to self - assess their work and to improve for future email tasks.118 But
students may struggle to understand what separates the quality of their work from the quality
reflected in the model.119 So giving
students multiple, annotated responses that highlight the positive aspects of the model and giving
students the chance to review the model answers
in groups can maximize the chances that
students can learn from model answers.120 And a checklist or grading rubric can be another useful tool — either for the professor to effectively and efficiently assess
student learning outcomes or for
students to self - assess their own learning.121
In an experiment, 400 students were asked to reflect on the issues or people of greatest personal importance to them, before being presented with stories and data about other students who had a desire to learn in order to make a differenc
In an experiment, 400
students were asked to
reflect on the issues or people of greatest personal importance to them, before being presented with stories and data about other
students who had a desire to learn
in order to make a differenc
in order to make a
difference.
They are then asked to
reflect on if these groups also face these same or different challenges within the school and classroom (including
in terms of their ability to participate
in all school activities, social exclusion and bullying) and develop steps for addressing this (for example re-designing activities to ensure they are inclusive, putting
in place school or classroom policies, and educating other
students about respect for
difference).
The activity pushes staff to look beyond their lessons to
reflect on how well they actually know their
students, driving them to build real connections that can make a
difference in a child's future.