Not exact matches
The conclusion is that improvements
on the
state - based
tests reflect «score inflation», with NAEP providing the more accurate indication of trends over time.
The typology includes logical problems, algorithmic problems, story problems (which have underlying algorithms with a story wrapper that amounts to an algorithmic problem), rule - using problems, decision - making problems (e.g., cost - benefit analysis), troubleshooting (systematically diagnosing a fault and eliminating a problem space), diagnosis - solution problems (characteristic of medical school and involving small groups understanding the problem, researching different possible causes, generating hypotheses, performing diagnostic
tests, and monitoring a treatment to restore a goal
state), strategic performance, case analysis (characteristic of law or business school and involving adapting tactics to support an overall strategy and
reflecting on authentic situations), design problems, and dilemmas (such as global warming, which are complex and involve competing values and which may have no obvious solutions).
There has been research from the United
States and New Zealand where teachers were asked to
reflect on their marking experiences in
state or national
testing programs and say what they have learned or gained.
The typology includes: logical problems, algorithmic problems, story problems (which are algorithmic problems with a story wrapper), «rule - using» problems, decision - making problems (e.g., cost - benefit analysis), troubleshooting (systematically diagnosing a fault, eliminating a problem space), «diagnosis - solution» problems (characteristic of medical school, which involve small groups understanding the problem, researching different possible causes, generating hypotheses, performing diagnostic
tests, and monitoring a treatment to restore a goal
state), strategic - performance, case analysis (characteristic of law or business school, which involve adapting tactics to support an overall strategy and
reflecting on authentic situations), design problems, and dilemmas (such as global warming, which are complex and involve competing values, and which may have no solutions).
Many are fully capable of going beyond what's
reflected in their
state's standards, but teachers simply aren't able to offer them that opportunity because they're accountable for performance
on the grade - level
test.
Consequently, many
states now claim dramatic improvement in their
test scores, but these gains are not
reflected on the
tests given every other year by the federal government.
Sixty percent of the quotient should
reflect the average of two sets of
test scores, one set based
on state standards and
tests and the other based
on national standards and
tests (NAEP, the Stanford 10, etc.).
Some also worry about using
state tests rather than other measures to measure student growth and evaluate teachers: If a student improves dramatically over the course of a year, for example, but still fails, the failure might not
reflect accurately
on the teachers» accomplishments.
As educators «build» a learning path with quality assessment, «pave» the path by providing students with the tools to
reflect on their learning, and «illuminate» it by the «light» of understanding student expectations for future success — and then push them beyond those expectations (Hattie, 2009), the
state test become simply a small part of a balanced assessment system.
Because the inferences made from these
state test results, independently or more likely post VAM calculation «rely
on the assumption that [
state test] results accurately
reflect the instruction received by the students taking the
test.
This suggests that improvements in
state scores often
reflect test prep that helps students score higher
on one particular
test, rather than genuine improvements in students» academic skills.
Secretary DeVos is right when she says that American
state schools appear to have grown accustomed to being in receive mode, waiting for orders from
on high as to what they are to do next; while independent schools continue to enjoy their autonomy and capacity for innovation, which was once a rationale for the charter sector as well, but that sector has lost its vitality since philanthropists suborned leading educational entrepreneurs into specializing in
test prep, so impatient did they become to see the effects of their spending
reflected in national
test score reports, an improvement that has not been forthcoming.
In an August 2014 resolution, Vermont's
State Board of Education called
on the federal government to «reduce the
testing mandates, promote multiple forms of evidence of student learning and school quality, eschew the use of student
test scores in evaluating educators, and allow flexibility that
reflects the unique circumstances of all
states.»
The findings also don't appear to
reflect «gaming» through an overemphasis
on test preparation: At the high school level, the
tests given to students were not required by the
state and so were unfamiliar to teachers and students.
Cheatham noted the Madison district's growth score, which more accurately
reflects a school's impact
on students than static
test scores, was above the
state average.
The number of school districts using these
tests will likely continue to increase as providers develop adaptive assessments that
reflect the Common Core
State Standards and that can be used to help identify students who are likely to have difficulty in demonstrating proficiency
on the new Common Core assessments.
In light of the nonschool factors that impact student achievement, the Connecticut
State Department of Education needs to take a step back and
reflect on what their focus
on high - stakes
testing is doing to our students and what they are doing to our teachers and schools.
Some local innovators and national advocates argue that they do, especially in
states that have required high school exit exams as part of their accountability systems.44 For example, according to one consortium of high schools participating in the Competency - Based Education Pilot for Ohio — a
state that has required passage of
state tests or threshold scores
on other exams to graduate — «
testing windows that are currently required for
state - mandated assessments do not adequately
reflect the needs of the students within a STEM school and / or CBE [competency - based education] environment.»
«And it's an obligation
on the part of the Regents and the
state Education Department to make sure that these
tests are valid
tests that
reflect appropriately the diverse backgrounds of our children, the skill set is it the right skill set, the appropriate age level.»
However,
reflecting wariness over being judged too soon
on tests they've never taken and standards they're just beginning to implement, the Association of California School Administrators and the California School Boards Association asked the
State Board of Education to put off setting API base scores using the new
tests for another year.