A violation of funnel plot symmetry
reflects publication bias, that is, a selective inclusion of studies showing positive or negative outcomes (Sutton et al. 2000).
Not exact matches
As an historian with may
publications and awards I have suspected that Limbaugh is
biased in a manner that
reflects his lack of depth and integrity in his voicing of his views.
Fixed - effect models are reported throughout, because these
reflect only the random error within each study and are less affected by small study
bias (usually the result of selective
publication of small studies with extreme results)(39).
Asymmetry might be due to
publication bias, but might also
reflect a relationship between trial size and effect size such as when larger trials have lower compliance, and compliance is positively related to effect size.