The New York Court of Appeals, the state's highest court, ruled in 2010 that the plaintiffs could sue
regarding systematic problems that amounted to constructive denial of counsel.
In this
regard, one recalls Langdon Gilkey who deplored this collapse of all
problems to metaphysical
problems.1 According to Gilkey, the
problem with «metaphysics» occurs when it loses its flowing, critical structure and begins to solidify into a constructional,
systematic theory.
Parenting interventions that are delivered during this developmental period are necessary in order to capture the groups of youth and families (i) currently experiencing
problems, but who did not receive an intervention during early childhood; (ii) those who received an intervention in early childhood, but who continue to experience
problems and (iii) those who are not currently experiencing
problems, but are at risk for developing
problems later in adulthood.7 In Steinberg's 2001 presidential address to the Society for Research on Adolescence, a concluding remark was made for the need to develop a
systematic, large - scale, multifaceted and ongoing public health campaign for parenting programmes for parents of adolescents.8 Despite the wealth of knowledge that has been generated over the past decade on the importance of parents in adolescent development, a substantial research gap still exists in the parenting literature in
regards to interventions that support parents of adolescents.