The difference is that the warming of the Western Antarctica Peninsula was known and is easily explained through atmospheric circulation dynamics —
regional warm air advection patterns.
Not exact matches
Furthermore, tornadoes can be influenced by many
regional factors, including topography of the land and areas where cooler
air meets
warm, subtropical
air, making it difficult to attribute the shift in the tornado season to any one factor, he said.
Aerosols in urban
air pollution and from major industries such as the Canadian tar sands are of concern to scientists because they can affect
regional climate patterns and have helped to
warm the Arctic.
Other factors contributing to the recent
regional rapid
warming over the Antarctic Peninsula include decreased sea ice in the Bellingshausen Sea, resulting in
warmer air temperatures, and decreasing precipitation over the south western peninsula [10, 11].
Re 9 wili — I know of a paper suggesting, as I recall, that enhanced «backradiation» (downward radiation reaching the surface emitted by the
air / clouds) contributed more to Arctic amplification specifically in the cold part of the year (just to be clear, backradiation should generally increase with any
warming (aside from greenhouse feedbacks) and more so with a
warming due to an increase in the greenhouse effect (including feedbacks like water vapor and, if positive, clouds, though
regional changes in water vapor and clouds can go against the global trend); otherwise it was always my understanding that the albedo feedback was key (while sea ice decreases so far have been more a summer phenomenon (when it would be
warmer to begin with), the heat capacity of the sea prevents much temperature response, but there is a greater build up of heat from the albedo feedback, and this is released in the cold part of the year when ice forms later or would have formed or would have been thicker; the seasonal effect of reduced winter snow cover decreasing at those latitudes which still recieve sunlight in the winter would not be so delayed).
The more sluggish and persistent those meanders, the more persistent the patterns of
regional warmth where the jet stream pulls
warm air northward, and the
regional cold where it pulls arctic
air south.
Many factors — like the thermohaline circulation, which reverses direction at the poles as
warm salty water releases heat into the
air and sinks down to the bottom — are heavily influenced by the ocean's salinity, and thus, the movement of freshwater into and around the Arctic plays an important role in shaping both
regional and global climate.
To point out just a couple of things: — oceans
warming slower (or cooling slower) than lands on long - time trends is absolutely normal, because water is more difficult both to
warm or to cool (I mean, we require both a bigger heat flow and more time); at the contrary, I see as a non-sense theory (made by some serrist, but don't know who) that oceans are storing up heat, and that suddenly they will release such heat as a positive feedback: or the water
warms than no heat can be considered ad «stored» (we have no phase change inside oceans, so no latent heat) or oceans begin to release heat but in the same time they have to cool (because they are losing heat); so, I don't feel strange that in last years land temperatures for some series (NCDC and GISS) can be heating up while oceans are slightly cooling, but I feel strange that they are heating up so much to reverse global trend from slightly negative / stable to slightly positive; but, in the end, all this is not an evidence that lands»
warming is led by UHI (but, this effect, I would not exclude it from having a small part in temperature trends for some
regional area, but just small); both because, as writtend, it is normal to have waters
warming slower than lands, and because lands» temperatures are often measured in a not so precise way (despite they continue to give us a global uncertainity in TT values which is barely the instrumental's one)-- but, to point out, HadCRU and MSU of last years (I mean always 2002 - 2006) follow much better waters» temperatures trend; — metropolis and larger cities temperature trends actually show an increase in UHI effect, but I think the sites are few, and the covered area is very small worldwide, so the global effect is very poor (but it still can be sensible for
regional effects); but I would not run out a small
warming trend for airport measurements due mainly to three things: increasing jet planes traffic, enlarging airports (then more buildings and more asphalt — if you follow motor sports, or simply live in a town / city, you will know how easy they get very
warmer than
air during day, and how much it can slow night - time cooling) and overall having airports nearer to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60 years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI).
The
regional atmospheric circulation over the North Atlantic normally features a high over the Azores and a low near Greenland and Iceland — the westerlies are intense but the cold
air from Canada is
warmed before reaching Europe.
Though there can be significant differences in
regional surface impacts between one SSW event and another, the typical pattern includes changes in sea level pressure resembling the negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) / Arctic Oscillation (AO), (representing a southward shift in the Atlantic storm track), wetter than average conditions for much of Europe, cold
air outbreaks throughout the mid-latitudes, and
warmer than average conditions in eastern Canada and subtropical Asia (see figure below, left panel).
Over the past 60 years, Alaska has
warmed more than twice as rapidly as the rest of the United States, with state - wide average annual
air temperature increasing by 3 °F and average winter temperature by 6 °F, with substantial year - to - year and
regional variability.1 Most of the
warming occurred around 1976 during a shift in a long - lived climate pattern (the Pacific Decadal Oscillation [PDO]-RRB- from a cooler pattern to a
warmer one.
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