Sentences with phrase «regulating synaptic»

Ubiquitin ligase TRIM3 controls hippocampal plasticity and learning by regulating synaptic?

They play a pivotal role in regulating synaptic transmission, modulating excitotoxicity responsible for much of the neuronal damage caused by hypoxic insult in the brain [37], and are expressed in retinal photoreceptors, horizontal cells, and bipolar cells as well as the amacrine and ganglion cells of the inner retina [38 — 41].

Damage in the glutamate pathway, which regulates synaptic plasticity, has been linked to disturbances in goal - directed behavior and habit formation.

The results showed that two variations of a protein called Unc13 work separately to regulate synaptic transmission.

The research group showed that a molecule, ARHGAP33 regulates synaptic functions and behaviors via intracellular protein trafficking and that the lack of ARHGAP33 causes neuropsychiatric disorder - related impaired higher brain functions.

Activity - dependent and independent mechanisms regulate synaptic size and strength to ensure a balance between excitation and inhibition of inputs and between input and output.

Understanding the genetic factors that regulate synaptic plasticity could point to new therapeutic approaches for human diseases that disrupt synaptic connections.

Director of MIT «s Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and the study's senior author, Li - Huei Tsai commented, «This is exciting because for the first time we have found a specific mechanism by which HDAC2 regulates synaptic gene expression.»

We also found that EphA4 is highly expressed in the adult brain, where it regulates synaptic connections.

Pcdh genes are preferentially expressed in neurons, including the hippocampus, and regulate synaptic development and function [38].

Not exact matches

Slow - acting neurotransmitters control the efficacy of fast synaptic transmission by regulating the efficiency of neurotransmitter release from presynaptic terminals and by regulating the efficiency with which fast - acting neurotransmitters produce their effects on postsynaptic receptors.

The synaptic vesicle protein that mediates membrane fusion during exocytosis also regulates the rate and extent of this process by controlling vesicle tethering.

«Up - regulating MHCI is essential for the maternal immune response, but changing MHCI activity in the fetal brain when synaptic connections are being formed could potentially affect synapse density,» Boulanger said.

However, Littleton and Cho found that minis could be regulated to drive synaptic structural plasticity.

Then, the research group examined the molecular mechanism behind the impaired synaptic functions and behaviors in ARHGAP33 KO mice and found that ARHGAP33 is localized to the Golgi apparatus to regulate intracellular protein trafficking of the Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptor, a neurotrophin receptor, to synaptic sites.

However, currently available antidepressants are largely restricted to targeting the systems that regulate serotonin, dopamine, and other related neurotransmitters, and these treatments do not specifically address inflammation and synaptic maladaptations that are now known to be associated with MDD.

This was found to interfere with the same mechanism, essentially by impairing the ability of alpha - synuclein to regulate the flow of synaptic vesicles, and hence compromising the signalling between neurons.

Synaptic activity and activity - dependent competition regulates axon arbor maturation, growth arrest, and territory in the retinotectal projection.

BDNF induces widespread changes in synaptic protein content and up - regulates components of the translation machinery: an analysis using high - throughput proteomics.

The Palmitoyl Acyltransferase DHHC2 Regulates Recycling Endosome Exocytosis and Synaptic Potentiation through Palmitoylation of AKAP79 / 150.

The neuronal cytoskeleton regulates the architecture and dynamics of synaptic processes by providing structural support and the tracks for motor protein - based synaptic transport.

Phosphorylation regulates removal of synaptic N - methyl - D - aspartate receptors after withdrawal from chronic ethanol exposure.

He joined the Polleux lab in 2017 where he studies how the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria networks regulate spatiotemporal dynamics of dendritic calcium in the context of synaptic integration, plasticity, circuit function and behavior.

They found that, unlike previously described K + currents, the M - current was regulated by neurotransmitters, thus mediating a new type of synaptic transmission.

Host: Dr. Cathy Rankin Speaker: Dr. Andres Maricq Title: CaMKII Regulates Motor - Mediated Transport of Synaptic Glutamate Receptors

Our studies reveal the existence of two segregated excitatory synaptic microcircuits that propagate homeostatic sleep information from different populations of intrinsic MB «Kenyon cells» (KCs) to specific sleep - regulating MBONs: sleep - promoting KCs increase sleep by preferentially activating the cholinergic MBONs, while wake - promoting KCs decrease sleep by preferentially activating the glutamatergic MBONs.

It is therefore essential to understand how changes in synaptic transmission can regulate the organization and dynamics of actin binding proteins (ABPs).

In 2012, Haghighi's team published a paper showing synaptic homeostasis was controlled by an enzyme, the target of rapamycin (TOR), which plays a critical role in regulating lifespan in a wide range of organisms from yeast to mice.

We will examine whether astrocytes play a role in loss of synaptic function as well as identifying the astrocyte - derived molecules that may regulate this process.

Astrocytes can regulate neuronal synapses by secreting factors that affect both synapse formation and synaptic function.

Sethna F, Zhang M, Kaphzan H, Klann E, Autio D, Cox CL, Wang H. (2016) Calmodulin activity regulates group I metabotropic glutamate receptor - mediated signal transduction and synaptic depression.

The identification of novel astrocyte - secreted factors that regulate synapses will provide new targets for repairing synaptic circuitry during aging and disorders of aging such as stroke and Alzheimer's disease.

By affecting the rate of cell differentiation and gene expression, thyroid hormones regulate the growth and migration of neurons, including synaptic development and myelin formation in specific brain regions.

Indeed, insulin plays many vital roles in the brain: it mediates neuronal growth and metabolism, neurotransmission, and synaptic plasticity; promotes neuronal survival by inhibiting apoptosis; and regulates cognition and memory.

One final example is the prefrontal cortex, which is thought to play an important role in regulating behavior by suppressing impulses and emotions arising from the amygdala and other parts of the limbic system.50 — 52 In animal studies, exposure to chronic stress or glucocorticoids alters the synaptic connectivity within the prefrontal cortex, 52,53 and this may limit the ability of the prefrontal cortex to (1) suppress the impulsivity and aggression of the limbic system, and (2) execute adaptive responses (rather than maladaptive responses) to stress.54 — 56 Stress - induced changes in brain structure parallel the well - described impact of significant childhood adversity on a variety of brain functions, including the modulation of physiologic responses (hyper - responsive or chronically active stress response), learning (impaired memory), and the regulation of behavior (the ability to execute adaptive vs maladaptive responses to stress).3, 39,57