The reinforcing effects of drugs and alcohol make initial quitting and sustained abstinence extremely difficult.
[Morikawa's team] trained and tested their animals during adolescence, a period associated with greater
reinforcing effects of drugs.
Not exact matches
One danger is derived from the mutually
reinforcing effects of alcohol and these
drugs, resulting in accidental and potentially fatal overdoses.]
His research program has provided innovative, seminal discoveries in the field
of neuropharmacology, including characterization
of the roles
of endocannabinoids in the
reinforcing effects of abused
drugs and, more importantly, the involvement
of dysregulated endocannabinoid function in the neuroplastic events that contribute to the pathology
of addiction.
There is increasing evidence in humans and laboratory animals for biologically - based sex differences in every phase
of drug addiction including acute
reinforcing effects, transition from occasional to compulsive use, withdrawal - associated negative affective states, craving, and relapse.
«Artificial sweeteners have positive
reinforcing effects — meaning humans will work for it, like for other foods, alcohol, and even
drugs of abuse,» he says.
At issue is whether the Supreme Court should
reinforce its 2011 ruling that protected generic
drug manufacturers from state products liability claims accusing them
of not warning about possibly dangerous side
effects.