The General Assembly, Guided by the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and good faith in the fulfilment of the obligations assumed by States in accordance with the Charter, Affirming that indigenous peoples are equal
to all other peoples, while recognizing the right of all peoples
to be different,
to consider themselves different, and
to be respected as such, Affirming also that all peoples contribute
to the diversity and richness of civilizations and cultures, which constitute the common heritage of humankind, Affirming further that all doctrines, policies and practices based on or advocating superiority of peoples or individuals on the basis of national origin or racial, religious, ethnic or cultural differences are racist, scientifically false, legally invalid, morally condemnable and socially unjust, Reaffirming that indigenous peoples, in the exercise of their rights, should be free from discrimination of any kind, Concerned that indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injustices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right
to development in accordance with their own needs and interests, Recognizing the urgent need
to respect and promote the inherent rights of indigenous peoples which derive from their political, economic and social structures and from their cultures, spiritual traditions, histories and philosophies, especially their rights
to their lands, territories and resources, Recognizing also the urgent need
to respect and promote the rights of indigenous peoples affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements with States, Welcoming the fact that indigenous peoples are organizing themselves for political, economic, social and cultural enhancement and in order
to bring
to an end all forms of discrimination and oppression wherever they occur, Convinced that control by indigenous peoples
over developments affecting them and their lands, territories and resources will enable them
to maintain and strengthen their institutions, cultures and traditions, and
to promote their development in accordance with their aspirations and needs, Recognizing that respect for indigenous knowledge, cultures and traditional practices contributes
to sustainable and equitable development and proper management of the environment, Emphasizing the contribution of the demilitarization of the lands and territories of indigenous peoples
to peace, economic and social progress and development, understanding and friendly
relations among nations and peoples of the world, Recognizing in particular the right of indigenous families and communities
to retain shared responsibility for the upbringing, training, education and well - being of their children, consistent with the rights of the child, Considering that the rights affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements between States and indigenous peoples are, in some situations,
matters of international concern, interest, responsibility and character, Considering also that treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements, and the relationship they represent, are the basis for a strengthened partnership between indigenous peoples and States, Acknowledging that the Charter of the United Nations, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (2) and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 2 as well as the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, (3) affirm the fundamental importance of the right
to self - determination of all peoples, by virtue of which they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development, Bearing in mind that nothing in this Declaration may be used
to deny any peoples their right
to self - determination, exercised in conformity with international law, Convinced that the recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples in this Declaration will enhance harmonious and cooperative
relations between the State and indigenous peoples, based on principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, non-discrimination and good faith, Encouraging States
to comply with and effectively implement all their obligations as they apply
to indigenous peoples under international instruments, in particular those related
to human rights, in consultation and cooperation with the peoples concerned,
Fact:» [1] Fathers who reported strong authoritarian views were involved relatively less in weekday caregiving, playing, teaching, and nighttime soothing and in weekend teaching during early infancy... Attitudes consistent with authoritarian parenting, in which demands for obedience and behavioral control of children are prominent, appear
to have lasting, negative effects on fathering even early in life, long before parent - child conflicts and
matters of discipline become common...» [2] Consistent with prior work linking maternal attitudes and father involvement, fathers engaged in relativelyless caregiving, playing, and teaching on weekends during early infancy when their partners held highly protective attitudes... Although an initial lack of experience or support might be expected
to diminish father involvement
over time,
relations between maternal protective attitudes and fathers» relative involvement did not hold longitudinally... the lack of longitudinal
relations may suggest that father involvement is primarily self - determined and that mothers» attitudes are in part a consequence of how involved fathers actually are in childrearing.»