After relatively cooler ocean surface years, the increase is small, and after
relatively warmer ocean surface years, the increase is large.
Not exact matches
Driven by stronger winds resulting from climate change,
ocean waters in the Southern Ocean are mixing more powerfully, so that relatively warm deep water rises to the surface and eats away at the underside of the
ocean waters in the Southern
Ocean are mixing more powerfully, so that relatively warm deep water rises to the surface and eats away at the underside of the
Ocean are mixing more powerfully, so that
relatively warm deep water rises to the
surface and eats away at the underside of the ice.
Its hard to see how the
oceans can be
warming dramatically due to anthropogenic causes if the sea
surface temperature (controlled for ENSO, ENSO afteraffects etc) is actually
relatively stable.
East Coast winter storms, known as «nor» easters» because of the unusual northeasterly direction of the winds as the storm spirals in from the south, are unusual in that they derive their energy not just from large contrasts in temperature that drive most extratropical storm systems, but also from the energy released when water evaporates from the (
relatively warm)
ocean surface into the atmosphere.
Now if someone were to dsay, as Judith clearly did not although she had many opportunities to do so, that «concurrent with
warming of our
oceans there has been a
relatively short - term hiatus in the trend of significant increase in global
surface temperatures,» then I would not have a problem with the logic.
The paper discusses that melting ice will decrease the salinity of the
ocean waters around Antarctica, which will cause decreased mixing with the
relatively warmer deep
ocean waters, reducing sea
surface temperatures, causing more sea ice to form.
El Ni o an irregular variation of
ocean current that, from January to February, flows off the west coast of South America, carrying warm, low - salinity, nutrient - poor water to the south; does not usually extend farther than a few degrees south of the Equator, but occasionally it does penetrate beyond 12 S, displacing the relatively cold Peruvian current; usually short - lived effects, but sometimes last more than a year, raising sea - surface temperatures along the coast of Peru and in the equatorial eastern Pacific Ocean, having disastrous effects on marine life and fi
ocean current that, from January to February, flows off the west coast of South America, carrying
warm, low - salinity, nutrient - poor water to the south; does not usually extend farther than a few degrees south of the Equator, but occasionally it does penetrate beyond 12 S, displacing the
relatively cold Peruvian current; usually short - lived effects, but sometimes last more than a year, raising sea -
surface temperatures along the coast of Peru and in the equatorial eastern Pacific
Ocean, having disastrous effects on marine life and fi
Ocean, having disastrous effects on marine life and fishing
A new article co-authored by the other of us (Michael Mann), shows that natural
ocean oscillations have recently acted to temporarily slow the
warming of the Earth's
surface temperatures, in combination with a
relatively quiet sun, and active volcanoes.
New Dutch research has shown for instance the overturning has been
relatively weak in recent years [which means cold water has accumulated close to the
surface instead of sinking to deeper waters, one of two reasons why there has been a lull in upper
ocean warming].
By examining the spatial pattern of both types of climate variation, the scientists found that the anthropogenic global
warming signal was
relatively spatially uniform over the tropical
oceans and thus would not have a large effect on the atmospheric circulation, whereas the PDO shift in the 1990s consisted of
warming in the tropical west Pacific and cooling in the subtropical and east tropical Pacific, which would enhance the existing sea
surface temperature difference and thus intensify the circulation.
The West Antarctic Peninsula is bathed by
relatively warm waters from the Antarctic Circumpolar Current that comes close to the
surface near the peninsula, and that current is gaining heat as the
oceans warm, studies show.
The best way to envision the relation between ENSO and precipitation over East Africa is to regard the Indian
Ocean as a mirror of the Pacific
Ocean sea
surface temperature anomalies [much like the Western Hemisphere
Warm Pool creates such a SST mirror with the Atlantic
Ocean too]: during a La Niña episode, waters in the eastern Pacific are
relatively cool as strong trade winds blow the tropically Sun -
warmed waters far towards the west.
Warming bottom waters in deeper parts of the
ocean, where
surface sediment is much colder than freezing and the hydrate stability zone is
relatively thick, would not thaw hydrates near the sediment
surface, but downward heat diffusion into the sediment column would thin the stability zone from below, causing basal hydrates to decompose, releasing gaseous methane.
Maslowski in 2007 showed for the Arctic that you show more significant changes to the
ocean and sea ice, which besides explaining why
warming of
surface air is lagging is the worst possible outcome as
warm surface air by itself is
relatively benign, but a restructured
ocean - ice boundary system will result in major changes to coastal and continental weather in the long run.
On the contrary, whatever
warm, hypersaline water sinks below the
surface because of its great density is mixed
relatively quickly by winds into the upper layer of the
ocean, where it transfers its heat to colder parcels by conduction.
There could be other places for the energy to go (like a net
warming of the
oceans or convection of hte air drawing energy up from the
surface) but I am pretty sure these are
relatively small compared to evaporation & upward IR.
Thus, the static stability of the near -
surface water increases and the convective mixing of cold
surface water with the
relatively warm subsurface water is reduced, thereby contributing to the reduction of sea
surface temperature in the Circumpolar
Ocean.