For both reasons, rather than
rely on convection, you really do need to manually mix the heated formula, and check the temperature after mixing.
Not exact matches
Key features of this system include a high - pressure containment vessel immersed in a large pool of water and a passive emergency core cooling system that
relies only
on gravity - driven
convection of the coolant and conduction of heat to the containment vessel surface.
As examples, the NuScale design eliminates many vulnerable pipes, pumps and valves from the design and replaces many engineered backup systems with features that operate automatically
relying on natural phenomena such as gravity,
convection and conduction.
By comparison, conventional saunas must
rely only
on indirect means of heat: first,
on convection (air currents) and then, conduction (direct contact of hot air with the skin) to produce its heating effect.
(In the full 4 - dimensional climate, responses can also tend spread horizontally by
convection (advection) and temporally by heat capacity, though «fingerprints» of horizontal and temporal variations in RF (externally imposed and feedback — snow and ice albedo, for example) can remain — this spreading is somewhat different as it
relies in part
on the circulation already present as well as circulation changes)
After Fig. 1 achieves equilibrium, the authors of the papers
rely on the random vigorous mixing of the molecules which still prevails after equilibrium when there is no longer any heat flow and the term «
convection» can not be properly employed.
This runs to ~ 90 pages, the first 40 of which are devoted to proving that real greenhouses
rely on cutting off
convection rather than differential radiation effects!
I see it is a locally determined system there, not
relying on radiation (nor obviously
convection) from below.