In the past, EIA published annual capacity factors for only a few fuel types, and several
renewable fuel types were aggregated.
Not exact matches
The most promising of these options include
renewable sources of a variety of
types, advanced fossil -
fuel technologies that can capture and sequester carbon, and hydrogen - powered
fuel cells for vehicle propulsion and dispersed electricity generation.
This project lets you get up close with the science behind microbial
fuel cells and learn about this
type of
renewable energy technology.
Note: In this figure, «
Renewables» includes wind, solar, and geothermal while «Oil and Other» includes oil, petcoke, biomass, solid waste, landfill gas, tires, purchases, and other miscellaneous
fuel types.
Each spreadsheet lists the model estimates of capacity additions (what electric generating capacity the model and what the states tell the model to include because of regulations); generation (how much the existing and projected units will produce); prices (including firm power prices, energy prices, capacity prices, allowance prices, natural gas prices, and
renewable energy credit prices); total CO2 emissions;
fuel consumption for different
fuel types; and transmission flows into and out of the RGGI power grids.
Providing a new performance pathway situated between Reveal and the Zero Energy Certification, the Zero Carbon Certification provides greater flexibility around project
fuel types and placement of offsetting
renewables.
«The resolution as it passed it would apply not only to all vehicle
types but it would also apply to subsidies and mandates of all
fuel types, so that would include, for example, the
renewable fuel standard,» Ebell, who chaired President Trump's EPA transition team, said.
Perry, who ran for president in the past two election cycles, is likely to shift the department away from
renewable energy and toward fossil
fuels, whose production he championed while serving as governor for 14 years... «During his time in office, Perry embodied the
type of «all of the above» approach to U.S. energy production that many have advocated on both sides of the aisle,» Zelermyer said.
DoD would require more than 40 percent of the total projected U.S. drop - in
renewable fuel supply (regardless of
fuel type) in 2020, just to meet the military Services» stated demand for 745 million gallons.
The vulnerability of an investment in fossil
fuel reserves or hardware to competition from
renewable energy and decarbonization doesn't just depend on the carbon intensity of the
fuel type — its emissions per equivalent barrel or BTU — but also on its functions and unique attributes.
1 Executive Summary 2 Scope of the Report 3 The Case for Hydrogen 3.1 The Drive for Clean Energy 3.2 The Uniqueness of Hydrogen 3.3 Hydrogen's Safety Record 4 Hydrogen
Fuel Cells 4.1 Proton Exchange Membrane
Fuel Cell 4.2
Fuel Cells and Batteries 4.3
Fuel Cell Systems Durability 4.4
Fuel Cell Vehicles 5 Hydrogen
Fueling Infrastructure 5.1 Hydrogen Station Hardware 5.2 Hydrogen Compression and Storage 5.3 Hydrogen
Fueling 5.4 Hydrogen Station Capacity 6 Hydrogen
Fueling Station
Types 6.1 Retail vs. Non-Retail Stations 6.1.1 Retail Hydrogen Stations 6.1.2 Non-Retail Hydrogen Stations 6.2 Mobile Hydrogen Stations 6.2.1 Honda's Smart Hydrogen Station 6.2.2 Nel Hydrogen's RotoLyzer 6.2.3 Others 7 Hydrogen
Fueling Protocols 7.1 SAE J2601 7.2 Related Standards 7.3
Fueling Protocols vs. Vehicle Charging 7.4 SAE J2601 vs. SAE J1772 7.5 Ionic Compression 8 Hydrogen Station Rollout Strategy 8.1 Traditional Approaches 8.2 Current Approach 8.3 Factors Impacting Rollouts 8.4 Production and Distribution Scenarios 8.5 Reliability Issues 9 Sources of Hydrogen 9.1 Fossil
Fuels 9.2
Renewable Sources 10 Methods of Hydrogen Production 10.1 Production from Non-
Renewable Sources 10.1.1 Steam Reforming of Natural Gas 10.1.2 Coal Gasification 10.2 Production from
Renewable Sources 10.2.1 Electrolysis 10.2.2 Biomass Gasification 11 Hydrogen Production Scenarios 11.1 Centralized Hydrogen Production 11.2 On - Site Hydrogen Production 11.2.1 On - site Electrolysis 11.2.2 On - Site Steam Methane Reforming 12 Hydrogen Delivery 12.1 Hydrogen Tube Trailers 12.2 Tanker Trucks 12.3 Pipeline Delivery 12.4 Railcars and Barges 13 Hydrogen Stations Cost Factors 13.1 Capital Expenditures 13.2 Operating Expenditures 14 Hydrogen Station Deployments 14.1 Asia - Pacific 14.1.1 Japan 14.1.2 Korea 14.1.3 China 14.1.4 Rest of Asia - Pacific 14.2 Europe, Middle East & Africa (EMEA) 14.2.1 Germany 14.2.2 The U.K. 14.2.3 Nordic Region 14.2.4 Rest of EMEA 14.3 Americas 14.3.1 U.S. West Coast 14.3.2 U.S. East Coast 14.3.3 Canada 14.3.4 Latin America 15 Selected Vendors 15.1 Air Liquide 15.2 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 15.3 Ballard Power Systems 15.4 FirstElement
Fuel Inc. 15.5 FuelCell Energy, Inc. 15.6 Hydrogenics Corporation 15.7 The Linde Group 15.8 Nel Hydrogen 15.9 Nuvera
Fuel Cells 15.10 Praxair 15.11 Proton OnSite / SunHydro 15.11.1 Proton Onsite 15.11.2 SunHydro 16 Market Forecasts 16.1 Overview 16.2 Global Hydrogen Station Market 16.2.1 Hydrogen Station Deployments 16.2.2 Hydrogen Stations Capacity 16.2.3 Hydrogen Station Costs 16.3 Asia - Pacific Hydrogen Station Market 16.3.1 Hydrogen Station Deployments 16.3.2 Hydrogen Stations Capacity 16.3.3 Hydrogen Station Costs 16.4 Europe, Middle East and Africa 16.4.1 Hydrogen Station Deployments 16.4.2 Hydrogen Station Capacity 16.4.3 Hydrogen Station Costs 16.5 Americas 16.5.1 Hydrogen Station Deployments 16.5.2 Hydrogen Station Capacity 16.5.3 Hydrogen Station Costs 17 Conclusions 17.1 Hydrogen as a
Fuel 17.2 Rollout of
Fuel Cell Vehicles 17.3 Hydrogen Station Deployments 17.4 Funding Requirements 17.5 Customer Experience 17.6 Other Findings
Getting greenhouse gas emissions to 60 percent below the 1990 level will require four
types of measures: aggressive energy efficiency, aggressive electrification, decarbonizing electricity (such as by using
renewable energy sources) and decarbonizing the remaining
fuel supply (such as by using biofuels).
A common myth is that because some
types of
renewable energy do not provide baseload power, they require an equivalent amount of backup power provided by fossil
fuel plants.
While most of them run on costly diesel
fuel, more than seventy of these microgrids integrate some
type of
renewable energy.
However, the mix of
fuel types is projected to change significantly as the state transitions from gasoline and diesel to alternative and
renewable fuels.
Clearly all subsidies of whatever
type must be removed from fossil
fuel and transferred to
renewables and energy storage and a huge program must be put in place to re-train people put out of work in the fossil
fuel industry to take their place in the
renewable energy field.
Government support will prioritize research into five
types of
renewables and energy forms: biomass
fuels and biomass power, wind power, solar power, hydrogen energy and
fuel cells, and natural gas hydrates, of which there is a large reserve in the South China Sea and which China recently succeeded in tapping.