Sentences with phrase «repair in cancer cells»

The new study led by Thomas Helleday at Karolinska Institutet / SciLifeLab, reveals that castration therapy decreases the amounts of proteins essential for DNA - repair in cancer cells.

Absence of TRF2 resulted in increased DSB sites which led us to conclude that TRF2 is indispensable for efficient DSB repair in cancer cells.

The promising results of this experimental study are based on a combination of the drug temozolomid and other extant drugs that inhibit an enzyme instrumental in DNA repair in cancer cells.

Their findings in the study «Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 regulates dNTP pool and promotes homologous recombination repair in cancer cells,» which has been published in The Journal of Cell Biology, suggest that this FDA - approved ovarian cancer medicine has the potential to treat a wider range of cancer types than currently indicated.

Not exact matches

A type of immune therapy known as PD - 1 blockade controlled cancer in 77 percent of patients with defects in DNA mismatch repair — the system cells use to spell - check and fix errors in DNA (SN Online: 10/7/15).

The study found that carfilzomib and irinotecan have a potential synergistic effect in SCLC and other Irinotecan - sensitive cancers by allowing normal DNA damage repair and enabling normal cell - cycle death.

Once stem cells can be grown and differentiated in a controlled way to replace degenerated cells and repair tissues, medical science may then be able to diagnose and cure many intractable diseases at their earliest stages, such as type 1 diabetes, Parkinson's disease, various cardiovascular diseases, liver disease, and cancer.

Now, results described in tomorrow's issue of Nature suggest that BRCA2 mutations could lead to cancer by interfering with cells» ability to repair damaged DNA.

Olaparib is good at killing cancer cells that have errors in genes that have a role in repairing damaged DNA such as BRCA1 or BRCA2.

They found that cancer cells had acquired new genetic changes that cancelled out the original errors in DNA repair — particularly in the genes BRCA2 and PALB2 — that had made the cancer susceptible to olaparib in the first place.

«DNA repair helps thwart cancer and keep the cell in top shape — it is usually all in a day's work within each cell,» Dr. Durocher adds.

In previous research, this team of University of Alberta researchers found that PRC1 complex helps to repair DNA damage in cancer cellIn previous research, this team of University of Alberta researchers found that PRC1 complex helps to repair DNA damage in cancer cellin cancer cells.

Importantly, like cancer cells with other mutations in the HR repair pathway, CHD1 - depleted prostate cancer cells proved to be hypersensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs causing DNA breaks, such as Mitomycin C, Irinotecan and PARP inhibitors.

In particular, it has been shown that cells with other HR repair pathway defects, such as BRCA mutations frequently found in breast and ovarian cancer, are sensitive to inhibition of the enzyme PARP, and the PARP inhibitor Olaparib has been approved for treatment of BRCA - mutated ovarian cancerIn particular, it has been shown that cells with other HR repair pathway defects, such as BRCA mutations frequently found in breast and ovarian cancer, are sensitive to inhibition of the enzyme PARP, and the PARP inhibitor Olaparib has been approved for treatment of BRCA - mutated ovarian cancerin breast and ovarian cancer, are sensitive to inhibition of the enzyme PARP, and the PARP inhibitor Olaparib has been approved for treatment of BRCA - mutated ovarian cancers.

Moreover, in some cases, pancreatic cancer cells can even repair damage to their DNA caused by the chemotherapy drugs that do get into the tumor, further protecting themselves.

Now his lab has found that Set2 is also a major player in DNA repair, a complicated and crucial process that can lead to the development of cancer cells if the repair goes wrong.

They work particularly well if the cancer cells they attack already have defects in the corresponding DNA repair pathways, as it frequently occurs in breast cancer and other tumors.

And researchers at the «Seattle project», an effort funded by the National Cancer Institute to find new anticancer drugs, are mutating genes in yeast cells — such as the ATM gene or the mismatch repair genes — that often lead to cancer in hCancer Institute to find new anticancer drugs, are mutating genes in yeast cells — such as the ATM gene or the mismatch repair genes — that often lead to cancer in hcancer in humans.

To date, yeast has taught scientists a lot about cell division and DNA repair, processes that go wrong in cancer.

In normal cells, this is a part of the wound repair process when PGE2 induces tissues stem cells to regrow; in cancer PGE2 ironically induces regrowth of more cancer stem cells in between chemotherapy cycles, Kurtova and Xiao saiIn normal cells, this is a part of the wound repair process when PGE2 induces tissues stem cells to regrow; in cancer PGE2 ironically induces regrowth of more cancer stem cells in between chemotherapy cycles, Kurtova and Xiao saiin cancer PGE2 ironically induces regrowth of more cancer stem cells in between chemotherapy cycles, Kurtova and Xiao saiin between chemotherapy cycles, Kurtova and Xiao said.

The ERK pathway plays a critical role in embryonic development and tissue repair because it instructs cells to multiply and start dividing, but when over activated cancer growth occurs.

Last week, Lin Zhang, MD, an associate professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, described in Science Translational Medicine, how his team treated therapy resistant cancer cells to renew their sensitivity to PARP inhibitors, a class of drugs that, when effective, prevent cancer cells from keeping up with DNA repair, causing them to eventually die.

The stem cells that proliferate the most in response to damage caused by cigarette smoke repair their DNA using a process prone to errors, setting the stage for lung cancer, according to a study publishing January 26, 2017 in the open - access journal PLOS Biology by Marie - Liesse Asselin - Labat and her team of the Walter and Eliza hall Institute of Medical Research, Australia.

In a new study, Yale Cancer Center researchers identified a novel genetic defect that prevents brain tumor cells from repairing damaged DNA.

However the team from the Krebs Institute for Nucleic Acids at the University of Sheffield found that the key to preventing resistance to a common class of chemotherapy used to treat breast and colon cancer is to change the speed in which the cancer cells repair damage to their DNA that is introduced by chemotherapy.

A report in the 15 February issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences suggests that a lotion containing an algal protein can ward off sunburns — often the first step on the road to skin cancer — by repairing part of the damage to skin cells» chromosomes.

When researchers at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, examined tumor tissue from the original man with colon cancer who responded to a PD - 1 inhibitor, they found a clue: His tumor had mutations in «mismatch repair» genes, so - called because their encoded proteins fix errors in DNA bases when cells replicate their DNA.

«Our researchers were able to identify a change in a specific mark in the proteins that wrap the DNA — called histones — in such a way that makes repair much faster in cancer cells, increasing their resistance to therapy.»

In healthy individuals, MDSCs regulate immune responses and tissue repair, and the population of these cells rapidly expands during inflammation, infection and cancer.

Professor Sherif El - Khamisy, who led the research, said: «If we can find a way to hijack the cancer's fix and repair toolkit and make it less efficient, then we can tip the scale in favour of cancer cell death instead of survival and prevent resistance to chemotherapy.

«Hail Mary» mechanism can rescue cells with severely damaged chromosomes: Understanding the mechanisms involved in chromosome repair, and how they can fail, may lead to new strategies to combat cancer.»

Although these cells play an essential role in wound healing and injury repair, they may also promote cancer incidence in tissues.

This is because faults in the gene mean the cell can not properly repair its DNA, causing genetic damage to build up, leading to cancer.

Olaparib targets a molecule called PARP, and exploits weaknesses in cancer cells» ability to repair damage to their DNA.

To our knowledge, this is the first direct report of efficient DSB repair in cancer stem cell clonospheres.

Cancer stem cell markers are enriched in normal tissue adjacent to triple negative breast cancer and inversely correlated with DNA repair deficCancer stem cell markers are enriched in normal tissue adjacent to triple negative breast cancer and inversely correlated with DNA repair deficcancer and inversely correlated with DNA repair deficiency.

Cancer researchers at Columbia have discovered three genes that undermine the DNA repair process and promote tumor formation in cells with BRCA mutations.

We report a role of TRF2 in cancer stem cell maintenance and efficient DNA repair in the clonospheric sub-population of HCT 116 cell line.

The films are «Killing Cancer: Cytotoxic T - Cells on Patrol» by Alex Ritter, NIH Oxford - Cambridge Scholars Program; «Companions in Discovery» by Amy Gladfelter, Dartmouth; and «Cell Repair» by Bill Bement, University of Wisconsin, Madison.

Research Paper Role of TRF2 in efficient DNA repair, spheroid formation and Cancer Stem Cell maintenance Arka Saha, SwatiShree Padhi, Madhabananda Kar, Shomereeta Roy, Prasanta Maiti, Birendranath Banerjee Oncomedicine 2017; 2: 71 - 79.

Because the insertion can be placed so that it interrupts a protein's function, the insertion and repair system may be useful for producing certain pharmaceuticals or protein products, such as cancer drugs, in culture, which would otherwise kill the cell.

The problem is that GFI1 is often overexpressed in cancer cells: in these cases, GFI1 can help them resist certain treatments, since GFI1 helps to repair DNA breaks caused by radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

2010 — We discover how a gene that normally plays a role in nerve cell repair can also help some nerve cancers spread.

«Rhode Island Hospital hosts three separate National Institutes of Health COBREs — for stem cell biology, skeletal health repair, and for cancer discoveries,» Timothy J. Babineau, CEO of parent company Lifespan, said in a statement.

Our laboratory is particularly interested in studying alternative DNA repair mechanisms, such as the alternative end joining (alt - EJ) pathway, that take place in cancer cells to compensate for the loss of homologous recombination (HR) activity (Figure 2A).

In cancer cells, the damage is not repaired.

«One of the big problems that people worry about in the use of stem cells for the repair of body parts, is whether or not you are going to be creating cancer,» said Kosik.

Many mechanisms of MDR have been described, such as the overexpression of MDR1 (also known as P - glycoprotein or ABCB1) or other ATP - dependent transporters that pump drugs out of the cancer cells, amplification of drug - inactivating enzymes, mutations or modifications of drug targets, alterations in DNA repair machinery, and increased resistance to apoptosis (1 — 3).

As I explain in my new book, Mind Over Medicine: Scientific Proof That You Can Heal Yourself, the body is equipped with natural self - repair mechanisms that can kill stray cancer cells, fight infections, and even slow the aging process.

Along with other brassica vegetables, kale is also a source of Indole -3-carbinol, a chemical which boosts DNA repair in cells and appears to block the growth of cancer cells.