Alternatively, replacing this generation with wind energy would
require electricity generation from wind to increase from its current levels, 3.257 billion kWh (0.3 percent of total electricity) to 399 billion kWh (35 percent of projected 2030 electricity generation), a more than 120-fold increase in wind generation.
Bringing electricity to everyone by 2030 would
require electricity generation in 2030 to be only 3 % higher than generation in our Reference Scenario.
Bringing electricity to everyone by 2030 would
require electricity generation in 2030 to be only 3 % higher than generation in our Reference Scenario... the increase in energy - related global CO2 emissions would be a mere 0.9 % by 2030.
Not exact matches
This is good for the utility because it can reduce the amount of
electricity generation and delivery capacity
required.
This would still
require a major investment in new
electricity generation from renewable resources, particularly wind power because it is a well - established and relatively cheap technology.
Unexpectedly, little extra metabolic energy (as compared to that expended carrying a rigid backpack) is
required during
electricity generation.
Examples of indirect use which
require energy harvesting are
electricity generation through wind turbines or photovoltaic cells, or production of fuels such as ethanol from biomass.
Build before Memory Runs Out Although individual consumer actions can help, major changes in carbon output will likely
require better
electricity -
generation technologies, retiring much of the coal - fired capacity and replacing it with the most cost - effective combination of modern reactors, renewables and even clean coal.
Researchers categorized the
electricity system into three principal components: consumers;
generation technologies; and the wires, poles, storage and other hardware
required to connect end users and generators.
«I am struck by the lack of fundamental breakthroughs
required for an abundant, clean energy future, whether in
electricity generation from wind, coal (IGCC), ocean thermal, ocean wave, ocean tide, solar, nuclear, or liquids from coal - to - liquids, gas - to - liquids, biofuels, bio-engineered fuels, and so on.»
The resolution on the EPA for Alec members» consideration this week argues that
requiring tougher standards from the next
generation of power plants lead to spikes in
electricity prices and would damage the economy.
With liberalization of the
electricity market and expansion of renewable sources, distribution grid mandates have mounted,
requiring, for example, that operators ensure their grids remain stable despite increased levels of intermittent
generation.
With the increase in energy
required the effect will be a requirement for say 6 - 10 times more
electricity generation in total than now.
This shift, combined with the other transformations in the energy ecosystem
require new ways of thinking about the
electricity system and power
generation that can be supported by the existing grid infrastructure.
Increasing the use of this solution from approximately 0.25 percent in 2014 to 1.85 percent of world
electricity generation by 2050 would
require an estimated US$ 719.24 billion in cumulative first costs.
These policy actions include new legislation
requiring long - term contracting for renewables and other resources in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island, revised incentives for distributed
generation resources, changes to RPS polices in other states in New England, proposed Massachusetts - specific CO2 caps, and newly - revised forecasts for
electricity sales that take the full impact of new energy efficiency measures into account.
• CO2 to be sequestered per year = 4 billion tonne • Number of Deposition plants per year = 1,787 •
Electricity required per year = 2.47 × 10 ^ 18 J = 686,000,000 MWh • Assumed electricity cost (including, diesel back up generation, transmission, harsh environment and short plant life) = $ 500 / MWh • Assumed density of CO2 snow in storage = 0.
Electricity required per year = 2.47 × 10 ^ 18 J = 686,000,000 MWh • Assumed
electricity cost (including, diesel back up generation, transmission, harsh environment and short plant life) = $ 500 / MWh • Assumed density of CO2 snow in storage = 0.
electricity cost (including, diesel back up
generation, transmission, harsh environment and short plant life) = $ 500 / MWh • Assumed density of CO2 snow in storage = 0.4 t / m ^ 3
However, Australia's
electricity system will
require low - carbon
generation sources to meet future global emissions reduction targets.
I'd recommend the paper does not attempt to specify the
electricity generation technology and instead focuses only on the amount of energy
required.
The result: Though CSP
requires the direct normal irradiance (DNI) found in abundance in the world's sunny high deserts, even importing
generation from high - DNI deserts in Spain and Morocco, CSP with thermal energy storage could become an economically competitive option, due to its ability with storage to fill the gaps created by intermittent
generation.Imports of thermal solar from Spain and Morocco would entail building HVDC (high Voltage Direct Current) lines, because direct current is the most effective way to transport large amounts of
electricity long - distance.
The Harmony goal, put forward on behalf of the nuclear industry by World Nuclear Association, is a vision of a future energy system where nuclear energy supplies 25 % of global
electricity demand by 2050 as part of a low - carbon
generation mix, which would
require 1000 GW of new nuclear build.
Changes to market rules and to environmental regulations are also
required for accommodating distributed
generation into liberalised
electricity markets.
Requires FERC to: (1) issue to each generator of renewable
electricity a REC for each megawatt hour of renewable
electricity generated after December 31, 2011; (2) issue three RECs for each megawatt hour of renewable
electricity generated by an existing distributed renewable
generation facility; and (3) review the effect of issuing three RECs and to reduce such number for any given energy source or technology to ensure that such number is no higher than is necessary to make such facilities using such source or technology cost competitive with other sources of renewable
electricity generation.
These states have indicated their dissatisfaction with the current
electricity -
generation system by enacting binding RPSs, which
require that wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, waste, or other renewable resources be used to generate up to 30 % of the
electricity sold by 2025.
This fall, California became the first U.S. state to
require the use of advanced, or «smart,» inverters in solar projects (and other forms of distributed
electricity generation).
Increasing the use of landfill methane from 0.11 percent in 2014 to 0.26 percent of world
electricity generation by 2050 would
require an estimated US$ 35.30 billion in cumulative first costs.
Geothermal
electricity generation requires water or steam at high temperatures (300 ° to 700 °F).
The Lugar - Graham plan achieves savings in
electricity and oil use by
requiring higher mileage for vehicles, greater efficiency in power
generation, increased use of alternative fuels and new standards for energy use in buildings.
Additionally, intelligent charging can reduce the amount of renewable
generation that needs to be shifted to meet
electricity demand, which can reduce the
required capacity of energy storage systems need to meet a renewable energy utilization target.
Required for facilities that use at least one non-renewable fuel to generate
electricity, or facilities with
generation not tracked in WREGIS for the entire calendar year covered in this report.
By his own admission, meeting Canada's GHG goals will be a daunting challenge and will
require stringent regulations on oil and gas,
electricity generation, transportation, and -LSB-...]
Increasing the use of micro wind from 0.007 percent in 2014 to 0.048 percent of world
electricity generation by 2050 would
require an estimated US$ 49.3 billion in cumulative first costs.
Requires the Secretary to make loans available to electric utilities to: (1) construct a renewable energy
generation facility; and (2) install an energy efficiency or
electricity demand reduction technology.
-- The term «efficiency» means the operating efficiency of an electric
generation facility as determined by the average annual heat rate of the facility, measured in British thermal units
required to generate a kilowatt - hour of
electricity from the facility.
IEEFA finds India's wind and solar energy costs have fallen 50 % to as low as $ 38 per megawatt hour (MWh) over the past two years, with renewable energy bids in new auctions costing 20 % less than the cost of wholesale
electricity from existing Indian coal
generation, and 30 - 50 % less than the
required cost to justify new imported coal or liquefied natural gas capacity.
For example, utility - scale wind
generation, a particularly volatile intermittent power source,
requires electricity operators to make significant adjustments to balance
generation and load, creating inefficiency in the system.
The take up rate would stop the natural increase in
electricity generation required for increasing numbers of dwellings and in several years their would be a decline in
electricity output from the coal fired power stations to equal or match that
required by industry and commerce.
Where locally produced sustainable energy might not be available, the power
required for the drying of coal could be taken from the grid when
electricity is abundant - that is, when sustainable
electricity generation methods are puting more
electricity into the grid than is being consumed.
But due to Colorado's energy mandate that
requires 30 percent of the state's
electricity generation come -LSB-...]
It was therefore agreed that feasibility should be assessed by reference to the amount of PV
required, taking this as a proxy for all LZC
electricity generation technologies and assumed that an area equivalent to 40 % of ground floor area was the appropriate reference point for feasibility.
In power
generation torque is the amount of density (resistance)
required to generate a certain amount of
electricity using machinery that produce more power with more density and speed.
RPSs
require that a certain amount of
electricity generation be produced by renewable fuels.
A relatively low - cost solution would be to simply
require railroad companies to cover train cars carrying coal and
electricity generation companies to cover coal piles.
But he wholly fails to explain what the implications of the variability problem is (the need for overbuild of
generation capacity and expensive / unfeasible large - scale energy storage), nor whether, if an effort is made to deal practically with these problems in real national
electricity grids, the «increasingly cheaper» renewables will ever become cheap enough (when all relevant real - world factors are considered) and reliable enough (without natural gas «backup»), to actually substitute for and displace fossil fuels (or nuclear) at the scale
required.
«Zero - Carbon Buildings»
require buildings to run predominantly on
electricity since this is what all building - mounted or on - site renewable energy
generation provides.
More than 20 years ago, Minnesota enacted a law
requiring its Public Utilities Commission to «quantify and establish a range of environmental costs associated with each method of
electricity generation.»
While renewable energy provides obvious environmental benefits by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and criteria pollutants associated with
electricity generation, the infrastructure
required to add large amounts of renewable resources can have negative environmental effects.
Charts lie this are good for showing the reality of how slowly developments take place and the unlikelihood of a sudden massive breakthrough that suddenly reduces the cost by orders of magnitude (because that is what would be
required, and even if energy storage was free, renewables like wind and solar would still not be viable at current prices (or probably ever, IMO) to provide a major proportion of
electricity generation.
But the issues of relevance here are: (a) whether you can have enough of it to avoid building more coal (current situation in Germany says «no»); (b) whether you can have enough of it to displace current coal; (c) whether you can have, store, and distribute, enough of it to meet future energy growth (especially in the developing world) and the conversion to an all - electric society; (d) whether you can run a modern society without baseload
generation [answer: perhaps, perhaps not, but if yes, it
requires a complete reconfiguration of the way we manage
electricity].
So using the above number, my 1000 miles of riding consumed 10 kWh
electricity, which
required the
generation of 13 kWh.