Sentences with phrase «researchers modeled these changes»

Not exact matches

If the effects of climate change weren't included in the model, the trends toward bigger seasonal variations in CO2 at Arctic latitudes disappeared, researchers report online today in Science.

The researchers then modeled a new system with the same process: the mitochondrial enzyme ATP synthase, which also exhibits a distinct conformational change that is dictated by the application of force to the enzyme structure, which is propagated via tensegrity.

Applying the Ising model to their physical lattice, the researchers found that the model predicted a phase transition in response to a change in one parameter, which, in this case, turned out to be gap size.

However, Walker Jackson, a former postdoctoral researcher in Lindquist's lab is changing that, creating novel mouse models of human fatal familial insomnia (FFI) and CJD.

By mapping persistent springs across the African landscape, the researchers have been able to model how our ancestors may have moved between water sources at different times and how this impacted their ability to traverse the landscape as the climate changed.

The researchers also showed that both types of spirochetes (syphilis's Treponema pallidum and Lyme disease's Borrelia burgdorferi) respond to changes in viscosity in a similar manner and can be explained by the same biophysical model.

Using a mathematical model known as the Ising model, invented to describe phase transitions in statistical physics, such as how a substance changes from liquid to gas, the Johns Hopkins researchers calculated the probability distribution of methylation along the genome in several different human cell types, including normal and cancerous colon, lung and liver cells, as well as brain, skin, blood and embryonic stem cells.

The researchers reduced this complex model to a much simpler, «textbook» model, which predicts that a phase transition, or a change in flow direction, should occur with certain changes to a lattice's dimensions — a transition that the team observed in their experiments with bacteria.

The researchers found that changes in CO2 concentrations between 1990 and 2005 followed the 2001 predictions of the computer models «almost exactly» (see graph, right).

When researchers ran the numbers for the Corn Belt, the global models fell short of reality: They predicted both temperature and humidity to increase slightly, and rainfall to increase by up to 4 % — none of which matches the observed changes.

Researchers Rebecca Dew and Michael Schwarz from the Flinders University of South Australia teamed up with Sandra Rehan, the University of New Hampshire, USA, to model its past responses to climate change with the help of DNA sequences.

Now, researchers have a new model for explaining how clouds move and change shape in brown dwarfs, using insights from NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope.

For the first time, researchers have shown in a randomised trial that looking at pictures of skinny models is enough to change a person's body ideals

Using data from several sources on 162 terrestrial animals and plants unique (endemic) to the Albertine Rift, the researchers used ecological niche modeling (computer models) to determine the extent of habitat already lost due to agriculture, and to estimate the future loss of habitat as a result of climate change.

The model will also help researchers design whether a material will fail with a sudden fracture, like ceramics, or slowly, like ductile metals, by switching components, using contrasting platelets or changing the architecture.

Based on a peatland model developed at the University of York and latest climate change predictions, the researchers warn that by 2051 - 80 the dunlin could see a 50 % decline in numbers, with the golden plover down 30 % and the red grouse down by 15 %, all driven by declining abundance of the birds» crane fly prey.

A new study published in The Astrophysical Journal, led by Kavli IPMU Project Researcher Alexey Tolstov, identified characteristic changes between these supernovae types after experimenting with supernovae models based on extremely metal - poor stars with virtually no metals.

«The Dam Impact Analysis Model enables us to see what happens when you change one factor, like marine or freshwater survival,» said Julie Nieland, a researcher at NEFSC's laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass. and lead author of the study.

At the Environmental Change Institute in Oxford, researchers Nathalie Schaller and Friederike Otto analysed results from almost 40,000 climate model calculations to test the impact of climate change on Britain's winter Change Institute in Oxford, researchers Nathalie Schaller and Friederike Otto analysed results from almost 40,000 climate model calculations to test the impact of climate change on Britain's winter change on Britain's winter rains.

Satellite measurements and a model of how efficiently maize converts that light to mass, reveal that solar brightening, an increase in the sunlight penetrating the atmosphere and reaching Earth, accounted for 27 % of the yield increase U.S. Corn Belt farmers have observed between 1984 and 2013, researchers report today in Nature Climate Change.

The researchers said their model also indicates that the probability of such storms will increase as the climate changes.

«When we modeled future shoreline change with the increased rates of sea level rise (SLR) projected under the IPCC's «business as usual» scenario, we found that increased SLR causes an average 16 - 20 feet of additional shoreline retreat by 2050, and an average of nearly 60 feet of additional retreat by 2100,» said Tiffany Anderson, lead author and post-doctoral researcher at the UH Mānoa School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology.

Using sophisticated atmospheric and climate models, the researchers estimated the levels of PM2.5 directly attributable to wildfires during a recent six - year period, 2004 to 2009, as well as under projected future climate change conditions (2046 - 2051).

But by modeling the dozens of biochemical reactions involved in synthesizing, transporting and breaking down glutathione in the body, the researchers found that the rarest ingredient changes over time.

The researchers» predictions of the problems each country would face were based on climate change models produced by Austra - lia's national research organisation, the CSIRO.

Cynthia Rosenzweig, a researcher based at Goddard, has been using crop - growth computer models to predict effects of carbon dioxide buildup and climate change on wheat, the most widely cultivated crop in the world.

In a further step, the researchers used mathematical models to predict how an infectious disease would spread considering the changes in behaviour of the sick animals.

To model the projected impact of climate change on marine biodiversity, the researchers used climate - velocity trajectories, a measurement which combines the rate and direction of movement of ocean temperature bands over time, together with information about thermal tolerance and habitat preference.

To reach these conclusions, the researchers used simulations from five state - of - the - art climate models to investigate how the characteristics of ARs may change under future climate change scenarios.

By adjusting the inputs of the model — such as the amount of R&D funding and the level of a carbon tax — the researchers were able to assess what changes in those levels make sense over time.

«Most climate models that incorporate vegetation are built on short - term observations, for example of photosynthesis, but they are used to predict long - term events,» said Bond - Lamberty, who works at the Joint Global Change Research Institute, a collaboration between PNNL and the University of Maryland in College Park, Md. «We need to understand forests in the long term, but forests change slowly and researchers don't live that long.&Change Research Institute, a collaboration between PNNL and the University of Maryland in College Park, Md. «We need to understand forests in the long term, but forests change slowly and researchers don't live that long.&change slowly and researchers don't live that long.»

Researchers at the Institute for Transportation and Development Policy and the University of California, Davis, modeled how each new development might change carbon emissions around the world.

The massive projects needed now — such as devising a model of climate change detailed enough to be truly predictive or batteries efficient enough to compete with gasoline — can not wait or depend on chancy funding, he believes.He added that a strong national commitment to goal - centered basic science could help solve other important problems by drawing America's talented young people into scientific work and providing them with better opportunities for aspiring researchers to build careers with a realistic chance of making both a significant scientific contribution and a decent living.

These changes coincide with the different palaeoclimate zones proposed in the models, so the faunal distribution was probably climate - related,» comments Josep Fortuny, an ICP researcher who took part in the study.

In the past decade, researchers have used mouse models to unravel how cellular changes in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a brain structure involved in action selection associated with arousal and reward, may contribute to addiction - related behavior.

While this underestimate does not call into question the response of climate to carbon dioxide concentration in the IPCC models, the researchers say, it does suggest that a better understanding of what happened during the last 50 years could improve projections of future ecosystem changes.

Researchers at MIT and the Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya in Israel aim to change that, with a new system that automatically turns CAD files into visual models that users can modify in real time, simply by moving virtual sliders on a Web page.

He says the relatively simple computer model provided an excellent basis for planning the experiments by enabling the researchers to change the components rapidly and thereby identify important aspects.

To better understand how changes in diet, lifestyle, and exposure to modern medicine affect primates» guts, a team of researchers led by University of Minnesota computer science and engineering professor Dan Knights, veterinary medicine professor Tim Johnson, and veterinary medicine Ph.D. student Jonathan Clayton, used DNA sequencing to study the gut microbes of multiple non-human primates species in the wild and in captivity as a model for studying the effects of emigration and lifestyle changes.

«Factors affecting extinction and origination of species are surprisingly different, with past climate change having the highest impact on extinction but not on originations,» notes researcher Daniele Silvestro from the GGBC who developed the mathematical model used in the study.

In using the model to assess the ocean - carbon sink, the researchers assumed a «business as usual» carbon dioxide emissions trajectory, the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 scenario found in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for 2006 - 2010, where emissions continue to rise throughout the 21st century.

The researchers make changes in the model such as computationally adding a potential drug or virtually knocking out the gene for a molecule produced by the immune system to search for changes that cause the granuloma to move toward a controlled state.

From their experiments, the researchers developed a simple model to predict the type of mutualistic relationship that would develop between the two strains, given how their populations changed over time.

The researchers used computer models to predict that small changes of the pH within the tumor could tip the balance, decreasing the survival advantage of the invasive cells in favor of the non-invasive cells.

Since trends in convective rainfall are not easily detected in daily rainfall records, or well - simulated by global or regional climate models, the researchers created a new tool to assess the effects of climate change on rainfall patterns and trends in dryland areas.

Several researchers at the meeting presented computer modeling studies aimed at helping resource managers in the arid West, where population growth and climate change are putting increasing pressure on the region's water supply.

On the health side, researchers modeled the outcomes from dietary changes on stroke, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, diet - related cancers and life expectancy.

On the basis of where in Europe each ESU is found, the researchers then analysed whether the associated insect would be able to tolerate higher temperatures or move to somewhere cooler, using two models developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

The researchers believe that standard models of the universe fail to take account of its changing structure, but that once this is done the need for dark energy disappears.

And lastly, although the models get the precipitation trends spot - on, they «significantly underestimate the magnitude of change [in rainfall],» Hegerl admits, explaining that better modeling is near the top of the agenda for the researchers.