Identifying where
resistance genes come from and how they spread somewhat compares to finding patient zero in an outbreak, which is not an easy task.
Is the jump in
resistance genes coming from a population explosion in the resistant enteric, or intestinal, bacteria coming into the sewage plant?
Not exact matches
I won't reveal yet who my favorites are, but I will say that these young scientist - founders
came up with very creative solutions for preventing infections in some common surgeries, tackling
resistance in targeted antibody drugs, improving
gene vectors for cell therapies, helping the vision - impaired «see» faces and better read their environments, imaging hard - to - see spots in the lungs and other organs, improving genetic risk analysis, and expediting the logistical operations of hospitals.
Specifically, they have found unnaturally high levels of antibiotic
resistance genes in sediments where the river
comes into contact with treated municipal wastewater effluent and farm irrigation runoff as it flows 126 miles from Rocky Mountain National Park through Fort Collins and across Colorado's eastern plain, home to some of the country's most densely packed livestock operations.
Bacteria expressing enzyme in one cell (bright green), while genetically identical cells do not, remaining protected from antibiotic onslaught; image courtesy of Yuichi Wakamoto / Neeraj Dhar / John McKinney Some strains of nasty bacterial infections, such as MRSA (methicillin - resistant Staphylococcus aureus),
come loaded with
resistance to antibiotics built right into their
genes.
«We found that as more «mixing» occurs between local dust and that which
comes from far off, the lower the contribution of the imported antibiotic
resistance genes.»
How many different
genes for antibiotic
resistance come to Israel from the various dust storms, and how prevalent are these
genes?
That background makes it important to characterize «both the natural occurrence of the antibiotic -
resistance genes and the anthropogenic load, and where those
genes come from, and it's good to do it in a quantitative way,» as Pruden's team did for the South Platte, says Joakim Larsson of the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, who has tracked antibiotics and
resistance genes in India and Sweden.
When bacteria acquire antibiotic -
resistance genes they become better at surviving in the body, challenging the dogma that
resistance comes with a cost
If these bacteria happen to
come into contact with other microbes that carry
resistance genes, those
genes can pop over in one step.
Most antibiotic
resistance probably
comes from soil bacteria, and the
genes they carry
genes can readily be disseminated from one species of bacteria to another on plasmids.
A certain percentage of any living population of pest has a
gene or three that confer
resistance to the chemical
coming at them.