I am therefore pleased to see that changes are being proposed to the provisions relating to the rights of persons to become and remain as
respondent parties to the proceedings.
Not exact matches
Thus, the EU may, either by way of request or upon the invitation of the Strasbourg Court, become a co-
respondent along with the
respondent Member State (Article 3 (5)-RRB-, giving it the status of a «
party»
to the
proceedings.
«[T] he general understanding that
parties to the original
proceedings are automatically
to be named as
respondents when these
proceedings are subject
to judicial review was developed in the context of adversarial
proceedings, in which the competing rights of two or more
parties are adjudicated, and not necessarily where the
proceedings, as here, are in the nature of an inquiry,» she wrote.
It is likely that the unsuccessful
respondent will be unable
to re-litigate the allegations that founded an award for (for example) unfair dismissal in PHA 1997
proceedings, as an issue estoppel arises: «Where a particular issue forming a necessary ingredient in the cause of action has been litigated and decided and in subsequent
proceedings between the same
parties involving a different cause of action
to which the same issue is relevant one of the
parties seeks
to reopen that issue» (Arnold v National Westminster Bank plc [1991] 2 AC 93, [1991] 3 All ER 41, per Lord Keith of Kinkel).
a) the
respondent was habitually resident in the State of origin at the time
proceedings were instituted; b) the
respondent has submitted
to the jurisdiction either expressly or by defending on the merits of the case without objecting
to the jurisdiction at the first available opportunity; c) the creditor was habitually resident in the State of origin at the time
proceedings were instituted; d) the child for whom maintenance was ordered was habitually resident in the State of origin at the time
proceedings were instituted, provided that the
respondent has lived with the child in that State or has resided in that State and provided support for the child there; e) except in disputes relating
to maintenance obligations in respect of children, there has been agreement
to the jurisdiction in writing by the
parties; or f) the decision was made by an authority exercising jurisdiction on a matter of personal status or parental responsibility, unless that jurisdiction was based solely on the nationality of one of the
parties.
a) recognition and enforcement of the decision is manifestly incompatible with the public policy («ordre public») of the State addressed; b) the decision was obtained by fraud in connection with a matter of procedure; c)
proceedings between the same
parties and having the same purpose are pending before an authority of the State addressed and those
proceedings were the first
to be instituted; d) the decision is incompatible with a decision rendered between the same
parties and having the same purpose, either in the State addressed or in another State, provided that this latter decision fulfils the conditions necessary for its recognition and enforcement in the State addressed; e) in a case where the
respondent has neither appeared nor was represented in
proceedings in the State of origin -
Over 85 per cent of
respondents deemed it acceptable for lawyers
to access and use the information found on the online social networking profiles of the
parties in a case, which forms part of the public domain, as evidence in
proceedings.
She was not a
party to the
proceedings against the
respondent and no order affecting her 50 % ownership interest in the home could be made.
The Committee, having taken note of the explanations provided by the delegation, invites the State
party to envisage regulating the burden of proof in civil
proceedings involving racial discrimination so that once an alleged victim has established a prima facie case that he or she has been a victim of such discrimination, it shall be for the
respondent to provide evidence of an objective and reasonable justification for differential treatment.
The Australian Government funds many elements of the native title system, including the «
respondent funding scheme», which can provide financial assistance
to certain «non-claimant»
parties to participate in native title
proceedings.
In 2002 - 2003 over $ 10million was provided
to respondent parties, other than State and Commonwealth
parties,
to participate in native title
proceedings.
Instead of tweaking around the question of who it is «reasonable»
to assist, there needs
to be an assessment of the impact of
respondent parties on the
proceedings.
Respondent parties to native title
proceedings have historically included a wide range of groups and individuals such as recreationists, pastoralists, miners, local governments and industry bodies, many of whom derive their interest in the land from government.
If the NNTT's opinion is against the applicant, none of the
respondent parties are likely
to continue
to engage seriously in mediation for the consensual resolution of the
proceedings.
This suggests that anthropologists, historians and others may still be contracted by third
party respondents to participate in native title
proceedings.
Similarly, giving
respondents the opportunity
to withdraw from
proceedings as of right at any time prior
to the hearing of the evidence may assist in reducing the number of
parties to an application.
There is ample anecdotal evidence
to support the opposite view, that
respondents, including government
parties, often delay the resolution of
proceedings by taking an inordinate amount of time
to review evidence of connection, and by insisting that bureaucratic processes be followed before commencing mediation or negotiation in instances where this should not be required.
Some of the
parties may only have minor interests in the
proceedings, yet through their involvement (or lack thereof) they may be able
to hinder or even prevent the approval of a consent determination agreed
to by all other
respondents, including the primary
respondent.
In my view,
proceedings relating
to native title determination applications have been unnecessarily overburdened by minor
respondent parties, often funded by the Commonwealth pursuant
to section 183 of the Act.
If the NNTT's opinion is contrary
to the claimant's view, none of the
respondent parties is likely
to continue
to engage seriously in mediation for the consensual resolution of the
proceedings.
Alternatively, the Government could explore options
to enable a reduced form of participation in native title
proceedings for certain
respondents, such as those who may seek only
to be added as a
party to ensure that their rights and interests are preserved under any final determination.
Most commonly, this assistance is provided through a legal aid scheme where
respondent parties to native title claims receive reimbursement for the legal fees they incur in native title
proceedings.
REALTOR ® nonprincipals and REALTOR - ASSOCAITE ® s who invoke arbitration in this manner, or who are affiliated with a
respondent and have a vested financial interest in the outcome, have the right
to be present throughout the
proceedings and
to participate but are not considered
to be
parties.
79 DOS 99 Matter of DOS v. Pagano - disclosure of agency relationships; failure
to appear at hearing; proper business practices; unauthorized practice of law; unearned commissions; vicarious liability; fraudulent practice; jurisdiction; ex parte hearing may proceed upon proof of proper service; DOS has jurisdiction after expiration of
respondents» licenses as acts of misconduct occurred and the
proceedings were commenced while the
respondents were licensed; licensee fails
to timely provide seller client with agency disclosure form prior
to entering into listing agreement and fails
to timely provide agency disclosure form
to buyer upon first substantive contact; broker fails
to make it clear for which
party he is acting; broker violates 19 NYCRR 175.24 by using exclusive right
to sell listing agreement without mandatory definitions of «exclusive right
to sell» and «exclusive agency»; broker breaches fiduciary duties
to seller clients by misleading them as
to buyer's ability
to financially consummate the transaction; broker breaches his fiduciary duty
to seller by referring seller
to the attorney who represented the buyers when he knew or should have known such attorney could not properly protect seller's interests; improper for broker
to use listing agreements providing for broker
to retain one half of any deposit if forfeited by buyer as such forfeiture clause could, by its terms, allow broker
to retain part of the deposit when broker did not earn a commission; broker must conduct business under name as it appears on license; broker engaged in the unauthorized practice of law in preparing contracts for purchase and sale of real estate which did not contain a clause making it subject
to the approval of the
parties» attorneys and were not a form recommended by a joint bar / real estate board committee; broker demonstrated untrustworthiness and incompetency in using sales contract which purported
to change the terms of the listing agreement
to include a higher commission; broker demonstrated untrustworthiness and incompetency in using contracts of sale which were unclear, ambiguous, vague and incomplete; broker failed
to amend purchase agreement
to reflect amendment
to increase deposit amount; broker demonstrated untrustworthiness in back - dating purchase agreements; broker demonstrated untrustworthiness in participating in scheme
to have seller hold undisclosed second mortgage and
to mislead first mortgagee about the purchaser's financial ability
to purchase; broker demonstrated untrustworthiness by claiming unearned commission and filing affidavit of entitlement for unearned commission; DOS fails
to establish by substantial evidence that
respondent acted as undisclosed dual agent; corporate broker bound by the knowledge acquired by and is responsible for acts committed by its licensees within the actual or apparent scope of their authority; corporate and individual brokers» licenses revoked, no action taken on application for renewal until proof of payment of sum of $ 2,000.00 plus interests for deposits unlawfully retained
k. «
Party» (
Parties) means the complainant (s) or
respondent (s) in disciplinary
proceedings and in arbitration hearings referred
to in Part Four and Part Ten of this Manual.