In a report on their experiments, published April 2017 in the Proceedings
of The National Academy
of Sciences, the researchers say they found evidence that microglia, a cell type found in most vertebrae innate immune systems, affect the Müller
glia's regenerative
response and can be harnessed to accelerate the growth
of new tissue in the retina.
In essence, most pathological conditions in the mammalian retina lead to changes in Müller
glia — often called reactive gliosis, which might be analogous to the
response of astrocytes upon injury
of other brain regions.
Together these studies show that the
responses of both retinal ganglion cells and surrounding
glia are involved in the pathogenesis
of glaucoma.