Sentences with phrase «result by the standard deviation»

For each decile, we've subtracted the 1986 - 2016 average price / revenue ratio for that decile, dividing the result by the standard deviation of valuations in that decile (again from 1986 - 2016).

The Sharpe ratio is calculated by subtracting the risk - free rate - such as that of the 3 - month U.S. Treasury Bill - from the rate of return for a portfolio and dividing the result by the standard deviation of the portfolio returns.

It is calculated by subtracting the risk - free rate from the rate of return for a portfolio and dividing the result by the standard deviation of the portfolio returns.

Not exact matches

Assuming that pupils who are not allergic to pollen are also not affected by the pollen count, the results show that one in ten pupils with hay fever dropped one grade when the pollen count increased by a standard deviation.

Our results show that each year of attendance at an oversubscribed Boston charter school increases the math test scores of students in our sample by 13 percent of a standard deviation.

The results indicate that the effect of receiving a fail rating is to raise standardized test scores in a school by 0.12 standard deviations in math and by 0.07 to 0.09 standard deviations in English.

The strength of this relationship may be gauged by comparing the change in quality associated with changes in the school's position in the national test - score ranking: the results show that an increase of 50 percentile points is associated with an increase of 0.15 standard deviations in student perceptions of teacher practices (see Figure 1).

The results show that a fail rating raises average math and English test scores by 0.05 standard deviations three years after leaving the primary school.

The results of our analysis of these «switchers,» which continues to take into account the difficulties associated with moving between schools, again indicate that students make smaller gains while enrolled in charter schools, by nearly 0.10 standard deviations in reading and 0.16 standard deviations in math.

The results indicate that adding one troubled boy to a classroom of 20 students decreases boys» test scores by nearly 2 percentile points (7 percent of a standard deviation) and increases the probability that a boy will commit a disciplinary infraction by 4.4 percentile points (17 percent).

The aggregate NAEP results cited by the author hide achievement gains of 0.5 - 0.7 standard deviation for black students and 0.3 - 0.4 standard deviation for Hispanic students.

The effect sizes of results were all computed by using the standard deviation of the control group.

A study led by Tulane's Douglas N. Harris found that the New Orleans reform efforts resulted in student learning gains of 0.4 standard deviations.

All else being equal, endorsing voting as a mark of good citizenship boosted anticipated engagement by about one - eighth of a standard deviation - a slightly larger impact than resulted from an increase in parents» education of one standard deviation.

The results indicate that adding one troubled boy to a classroom of 20 students increases the probability that a boy will commit a disciplinary infraction by 17 percent and decreases boys» test scores by nearly 2 percentile points — or 7 percent of a standard deviation — each year.

Last year, MDRC released results of a randomized evaluation of a volunteer - based tutoring program, Reading Partners, that increased reading achievement by 0.1 of a standard deviation for an out - of - pocket cost to the schools of only $ 320 per student.

The results in reading outcomes were somewhat better for the voucher students under study, where they recovered by year three and outperformed the matched comparison group in year four (the year four estimate of 0.13 standard deviations was marginally statistically significant).

When over 80 % of our children can not read proficiently by the third grade, it is a travesty of enormous proportions, particularly when compared with the TAKS reading test results (even after a significant standard deviation adjustment), their comparison with national norm - referenced test scores, and the wide gap between scores of white and minority children.

Effect sizes (Cohen's d) for middle school students versus preservice teacher candidates were calculated by subtracting the mean of the second from the first and dividing the result by the pooled standard deviation (as in Cohen, 1988).

Baron finds that Act 10 resulted in a decline in average high school test scores in math and science by.15 to.18 standard deviations.

For example: there would be a 10 percentile point increase in student test scores resulting from the work of an average principal if she improved her «demonstrated abilities in all 21 responsibilities by one standard deviation» (2003, p. 3).

The Über - Tuber trailed the DFA portfolio by just half a dozen basis points annually, and it accomplished that result with a lower standard deviation — which means lower volatility.

Another way to look at the results of the AAII screens is to calculate compound annual returns divided by standard deviation for each series of results from 1998 to 2012.

I rank stocks by their n day standard deviation and create a low vol stock index and a high vol index, my summarised results are below.

My understanding is that GCMs are run several times with known forcings (as far as we can determine them) but random natural variability (e.g. ENSO), so the end result is an «ensemble» of model runs characterised by mean, standard deviation etc. rather than following precisely the year - to - year variations of global temperature.

If you have errors in a measurement, it is revealed by a larger standard deviation in the results.

But the SEM is standard deviation of the results divided by the number of measurements... so your individual errors are indeed accounted for, whether they are random or are from other sources.

More precisely, the dispersion of results (measured say by the standard deviation) relative to the mean is larger for emissions, output, damages, and the SCC than for concentrations or temperature.

The results by Hargreaves et al. (2007) indicate that the LGM sensitivity is on average about 15 % smaller than for 2 x CO2 climate (see their Fig. 5), and we therefore use a best guess of 0.85 and a standard deviation of 0.2 for the scaling factor.»

These range from simple averaging of regional data and scaling of the resulting series so that its mean and standard deviation match those of the observed record over some period of overlap (Jones et al., 1998; Crowley and Lowery, 2000), to complex climate field reconstruction, where large - scale modes of spatial climate variability are linked to patterns of variability in the proxy network via a multivariate transfer function that explicitly provides estimates of the spatio - temporal changes in past temperatures, and from which large - scale average temperature changes are derived by averaging the climate estimates across the required region (Mann et al., 1998; Rutherford et al., 2003, 2005).

A separate meta - analysis summarizing over fifty twentieth century studies of spaced repetition showed that users improved testing results by at least half a standard deviation by use of spaced repetition.

In my experience as a family law lawyer, however, it has seemed to me that the bell curve modeling the impact of legislation on my clients has perhaps a higher standard of deviation than the norm, giving the bell curve a greater population at the extremes and thus fatter tails than suggested by the normal distribution; in other words, my impression is that quite a bit more than 5 % of separating couples experience an unfair or very unfair result from the application of family law legislation.

By comparison, negligent conduct results from a deviation from the standard of care a reasonable person is expect to exercise.