Sentences with phrase «result of selection bias»

Not exact matches

Previous studies of the effect of breastfeeding on morbidity among full - term infants have not always accounted for selection bias that may result if infants who are breastfed are inherently healthier than bottle - fed infants.22 In the current study, the VLBW infants» ability to breastfeed did not reflect better health status as both human milk and infant formula were provided via gavage feeding especially during early enteral feedings.

These studies are at risk for selection bias both of cases and of control individuals and their results might be influenced by potential confounders such as other health behaviors that may be independently associated both with breastfeeding and childhood leukemia risk, although this is of course not limited to case - control studies.

That type of study constitutes a drawback because case - control studies are subject to misclassification as a result of recall bias and to selection bias.

In April, an investigation at Rutgers University finally concluded that «substantial (clear and convincing) evidence exists that research fraud has occurred in several areas» including «biased selection of subjects who were to be included in the symmetry / asymmetry comparison groups so as to artificially obtain desired results.»

We carefully studied issues raised by skeptics: biases from urban heating (we duplicated our results using rural data alone), from data selection (prior groups selected fewer than 20 percent of the available temperature stations; we used virtually 100 percent), from poor station quality (we separately analyzed good stations and poor ones) and from human intervention and data adjustment (our work is completely automated and hands - off).

The author, Denise Minger, starts her critique of «The China Study,» by asserting, «the book's most widely repeated claims, particularly involving Campbell's cancer research and the results of the China - Cornell - Oxford Project, are victims of selection bias, cherry picking, and woefully misrepresented data.

As we'll see in this article, the book's most widely repeated claims, particularly involving Campbell's cancer research and the results of the China - Cornell - Oxford Project, are victims of selection bias, cherry picking, and woefully misrepresented data.

These results raise questions about treating on - line venues (or even on - line dating sites) as a homogeneous lot and also underscore the potential for selection bias and the importance of addressing it.

To overcome the bias that results from self - selection into peer groups, our main analysis compares cohorts of students in the same grade at the same school in different years.

Results avoid bias from within - country selection and are robust to continental fixed effects and to controlling for non-performance-based forms of teacher salary adjustments.

The results in Table 10 support the notion that the observational study design does a good job of controlling for selection bias in the evaluation of charter effects (or that there is not much selection bias in the first place).

[11] Another study randomly assigned students to teachers and found that selection bias was only a small problem, although there is debate about the interpretation of this result.

The parents of New Orleans public school students interviewed by Gross et al. — parents who, resulting from selection bias, are suspected to remain more actively engaged in the school choice process — expressed that they used the resources and valued the information they provided.

We carefully studied issues raised by skeptics: biases from urban heating (we duplicated our results using rural data alone), from data selection (prior groups selected fewer than 20 percent of the available temperature stations; we used virtually 100 percent), from poor station quality (we separately analyzed good stations and poor ones) and from human intervention and data adjustment (our work is completely automated and hands - off).

Using such proxies in regression models to reconstruct past temperatures leads to selection bias, resulting in an overestimation of the correlation between proxies and temperatures and an underestimation of uncertainties.

The RANGE of these is quite large, permitting one to select particular traces or particular model averages for inclusion if one wishes, unless rigorous steps are taken to ensure that the individual model results were «randomly» selected (selected without human bias, which basically means without human action beyond starting a selection algorithm with a random number generator in it).

Only those who are young and naive have any excuse for not knowing that there is rampant positive results and more importantly selection bias in most of science.

While my sample contains a good cross-section of lawyers, there is admittedly an element of self - selection that biases these results.

Also, we used objective approaches to quantify neighbourhood attributes that allowed us to partially control for potential reverse causality due to depressed individuals tending to exhibit negative cognitive bias resulting in negative thoughts and perceptions.65 Residential self - selection bias is likely to be a trivial source of reverse causality in this study because Hong Kong's high levels of population density (6760 people / km2) and low percentage of developed land (less than 25 %) 66 limit most residents» choice of accommodation and 37 % of Hong Kong older adults live in public rental housing.67 Given the satisfactory response rate and the level of similarity in depressive symptoms and sociodemographic characteristics of participants recruited from two types of recruitment centres, the findings from this study are likely to be generalisable to the population of Chinese Hong Kong older adults matching the study eligibility criteria and other populations of older adults living in similar ultra-dense metropolises of Southeast Asia.

Rapid changes in the characteristics of parents over time also could result in different selection biases in terms of which parents (both mothers and fathers) have children when married or when unmarried (for example, as the pool of parents having mediators), instability appears to be most important (with the worst outcomes found for children of unstable single or unstable cohabiting mothers).

Included non-RCTs will be assessed for selection bias that may have resulted in confounding of the outcome of interest using the Newcastle - Ottawa Scale, 38 and where possible statistical methods will adjust for such confounding.

The authors suggest that results may have been influenced by self - selection biases and drop - outs from training, the validity of the AAPI as a measure, and training implementation, as well as by a small sample size.

Having a larger selection of religions within the sample may as well provide a less biased result.

Besides publication bias, the results may be affected by other forms of bias, such as coding or selection bias.

This self - selection bias may have skewed the results making the sample in the study not representative of the population of people who have experienced CSA.