Not exact matches
The study notes that narrowing down that percent range requires particle accelerator experiments
on water ice to more accurately gauge the number of chemical reactions that
result per unit of energy deposited by
cosmic rays and solar energetic particles.
The
resulting interaction converted magnetic energy into kinetic energy and sent charged particles such as
cosmic rays raining down
on Earth's magnetosphere, the region around Earth where its own magnetic field is stronger than other magnetic fields in space.
Using 1600 detectors spread over 3000 square kilometres, Auger should be able to determine the energies of incoming
cosmic rays and shed more light
on the Akeno
results.
Note that the last remark can go either way, as the solar signal can even be more enhanced at the cost of the sensitivity for the greenhouse signal... And from Hansen ea.: «Solar irradiance change has a strong spectral dependence [Lean, 2000], and
resulting climate changes may include indirect effects of induced ozone change [RFCR; Haigh, 1999; Shindell et al., 1999a] and conceivably even
cosmic ray effects
on clouds [Dickinson, 1975].
Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS)
on the International Space Station (ISS) will be the focus of the three day «AMS Days at CERN» meeting, an occasion that brings together many of the world's leading theoretical physicists and principal investigators of some of the major experiments exploring the field of
cosmic ray physics (IceCube, Pierre Auger Observatory, Fermi - LAT, H.E.S.S. and CTA, the Telescope Array, JEM - EUSO, and ISS - CREAM).
Regarding the CERN / CLOUD
results suggesting an aerosol nucleation link with
cosmic -
rays, I was wondering why the focus is always
on clouds?
Critics of this
result might argue that the solar forcing in these experiments is only based
on the estimated change in total irradiance, which might be an underestimate, or that does not include potential indirect amplifying effects (via an ozone response to UV changes, or galactic
cosmic rays affecting clouds).
Svensmark (1998) later proposed that changes in the inter-planetary magnetic fields (IMF)
resulting from variations
on the sun can affect the climate through galactic
cosmic rays (GCR) by modulating earth's cloud cover.
I have to say that this is mostly over my head, but I note that a recent Scientific American article
on how
cosmic rays might be the seeds for a cascade which
results in lightning, and that without these
rays, lightning might not happen was pretty cool.
Renown solar scientist Dr. K.G. McCracken from the Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, in 2007 published paper: Changes in the
cosmic ray and heliomagnetic components of space climate, 1428 — 2005, including the variable occurrence of solar energetic particle events McCracken 2007 paper Major
result of McCracken investigation based
on 10Be dating is: the estimated annual average heliospheric magnetic field strength near Earth, 1428 — 2005, based
on the inter-calibrated
cosmic ray record as shown in Fig. 2
on p. 1073 (4 of 8).
The
results obtained provide evidence that the mechanism of solar activity and
cosmic ray influences
on the lower atmosphere circulation involves changes in the evolution of the stratospheric polar vortex.
The CLOUD project at the European Center for Nuclear Research is probing the Svensmark - Shaviv hypothesis
on the role of
cosmic rays modulated by the solar magnetic field
on the low cloud coverage; the first and encouraging
results have been published in Nature.
Solar cycles of magnetic variability
result in changes in the luminal spectra of the sun, the properties of the solar wind, and the flux of galactic
cosmic rays incident
on Earth's atmosphere.
The Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE, also known as Wukong) mission published its first scientific
results on Nov. 30 in Nature, presenting the precise measurement of
cosmic ray electron flux, especially a spectral break...