Sentences with phrase «retrogradely labeled neurons»

Forty such lines were tested for their ability to increase aggression when their labeled neurons were activated.

Researchers have good methods for labeling neurons based on where in the brain they developed, but the methods for labeling neurons that develop at the same time are less precise.

Photo of a living Brainbow zebrafish, taken by Zachary Tobias (a research technician in Weissman - Unni's lab), showing a brightly labeled neuron with its cell body (white) at bottom.

This image shows fluorescently labeled neurons, overlaid with an illustration of a person scratching.

Such vectors have become critical tools for delivering genes to treat disease or to label neurons and their connective fibers with fluorescent colors to map out their locations.

Basically, you need a way of labeling neurons that were active during a specific experience, and a switch to operate them.

Accurately labelling neurons with markers such as fluorescence, he says, will probably be the key challenge in the eventual goal of creating a «census» of different cell types in the brain.

Sandia National Laboratories researchers are drawing inspiration from neurons in the brain, such as these green fluorescent protein - labeled neurons in a mouse neocortex, with the aim of developing neuro - inspired computing systems to reboot computing.

Finally, hydroxystilbamadine, also known as fluoro - gold, is a dye that can be used as a retrograde enhancer for labelling neurons by injecting it in vivo.

He used an assortment of anatomical tracing techniques to label neurons in their entirety — a cell body with a long axon extending out in one direction and the branched tendrils of dendrites protruding from the other.

Labeled neurons cover lateral and ventral parts of the DLL and are found in the SpRT and LdOPT (compare Fig. 1C).

The distribution of the few retrogradely labeled neurons in the contralateral Gld mirrored the results seen on the ipsilateral side (Fig. 2E).

Retrogradely labeled neurons projecting upon Cluster N (visualised green) mainly originate within the DLL, with few additional connections from the LdOPT and SpRt.

Not exact matches

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)- dependent protein kinase, labeled with fluorescein and rhodamine on the catalytic and regulatory subunits, respectively, was injected into Aplysia sensory neurons either in culture or in intact cell clusters.

For this particular study, the research team created a small library consisting of different fly lines; in each line, a different set of specific neurons was genetically labeled and could be artificially activated, with each neuron type secreting a different neuropeptide.

Fluorescently labeled synaptic vesicles inside the axons of cultured neurons were recorded with stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy in a 2.5 - micrometer by 1.8 - micrometer field of view.

Donato emphasized that this labeling step was key to closely tracking development among a crowd of neurons, in addition to manipulating their activity at later stages of life.

The technique allowed him to zero in on and label populations of neurons that develop at the time of labeling, without any previous understanding about their identity beyond their birthdate.

«By harnessing the lineage tracing methods that are available in the fly, he was able to adapt them to label the glia and motor neurons that are born from the same stem cell in two different colors.»

It turned out that 80 % of the BrdU - labeled cells were also tagged with the enolase, confirming that the newborn cells were in fact neurons.

The group employed various viral tracing methods — infecting receptor - expressing neurons with a virus strain and watching them spread as they label infected cells with a fluorescent protein — to visualize the neural circuit downstream of the ESP1 receptor, as well as providing an image of nerve fibers belonging to specific neurons in the brain and synapses relaying impulses from neuron to neuron, to map the anatomical foundation that conveys ESP1 signals in the brain.

Furthermore, the team devised a technique to control the number of neurons labeled — labeling too many neurons makes it impossible to distinguish individual ones — that allows researchers to visualize individual neuron shapes and trace their connecting fibers through intact tissues using another technology the Gradinaru laboratory has helped develop, known as tissue clearing.

Using a technology called VAST, which can automatically label individual neurons, glia, and blood vessels different colors, as well as smaller structures such as dendrites and mitochondria, the researchers analyzed the contents of three cylindrical chunks of brain tissue, each no bigger than grains of salt.

To create the labels, the scientists split a fluorescent molecule in half, one half for the talking neuron and one half for the listening neuron.

Using their own recently - developed genetic labeling techniques for tracking these cells in early development in mice, Taniguchi and his team observed that, like most neurons, the cells remodeled their axonal organization through development.

Together, the present study suggests that GRPR + neurons constitute a long - sought labeled line for itch sensation in the spinal cord.

Chang got a genetic foothold on this sensory system by labeling GPCRs in mice and engineering them to produce channelrhodopsin, a molecule that allowed the scientists to use light to manipulate the cells» function and study the neurons sorted by different GPCRs.

The chemical labels newly divided cells, and in their brain tissue, it showed up in a sprinkling of neurons in the hippocampus — a seahorse - shaped structure involved in memory and learning.

A thalamocortical, or TC neuron labeled with fluorescent dye, as used in Dr. Augustinaite's study.

Labeled antibodies, which bind to specific cell types, allowed the researchers to determine which types of neuron were being created at which times.

To see if Narp played a role in making these new cells in mice, the researchers injected a synthetic molecule, BrdU, to label and allow detection of newly created cells that would become neurons in the hippocampus.

Before ending the experiment, the mice were injected with a compound that's selectively incorporated into dividing cells, and hence labels adult - born neurons.

In the model, the team used the technique to identify, label, and manipulate a population of neurons in the motor cortex that fired when a mouse pushed a lever to receive a reward in response to a stimulus.

Once the neurons of interest were identified and labeled, his team presented the stimulus to the mouse while optogenetically inhibiting the group of neurons.

The study came about when, a few years ago, Cho and Kim were selectively labeling and stimulating hippocampal neurons that project to the mPFC, and examining how this manipulation affects fear memory formation in mice.

Thus, though we simultaneously recorded an average of four neurons at a time per electrode penetration, we grouped all nonsimultaneously recorded data together, and discarded the trial labels.

Approach: Wu's group used Brainbow, a transgenic technique originally devised to map individual neurons in the brain, to label cells stochastically using gene cassettes that code for four uniquely expressed fluorescent proteins.

At 13 months of age, the intracellular MOAB - 2 immunolabel was hardly detectable in pyramidal neurons adjacent to amyloid plaques, the latter which were strongly labeled by this antibody and not by pab27576 (Additional file3: Figure S2 a-b).

Human induced pluripotent stem cell neurons imaged in phase contrast (gray pixels, left)-- currently processed manually with fluorescent labels (color pixels) to make them visible.

A cortical layer 2/3 neuron at 21 days in vitro labeled by ex utero electroporation with fluorescent marker for spine visualization.

In this study, we employed a method called optical pulse - labeling, or OPL, which allowed us to see how the mutant huntingtin ravaged the brain over time — neuron by neuron.»

Synaptic reconstruction of all excitatory inputs made onto a single cortical pyramidal neuron labeled with sparse in utero electroporation (Unpublished, Dan Iascone)

Synaptic reconstruction of all excitatory and inhibitory inputs made onto a single cortical pyramidal neuron labeled with sparse in utero electroporation.

University of Calgary scientists say they think their research is the first to show that bisphenol - S, an ingredient in many products bearing «BPA - free» labels, causes abnormal growth surges of neurons in an animal embryo.

To achieve sparse labeling of individual neurons one could reduce the plasmids amounts to reduce transfection efficiency.

Both 3DISCO and CLARITY have relied on the use of transgenic mice in which a subpopulation of neurons are brightly labeled with GFP (e.g. Thy1 - YFP - H mice).

By labeling HAR1 molecules in human and macaque embryos, we discovered that the RNAs functioned in neurons during patterning and layout of the cortex, 6 a brain structure that expanded greatly in size during human evolution.7 Exactly which genes HAR1 is regulating remains to be determined.

Immunocytochemistry / Immunofluorescence of mixed neuron - glial cultures labelling rabbit GFAP (red channel) and chicken vimentin CPCA - Vim (green channel).

3D time - lapse of neuron: Time - lapse image of mouse primary neuron labeled with EGFP after co-culture with astrocyte for 2 weeks.

Triple - labelled preparations in which mDA neurons were identified by TH staining revealed that BMPR2 was expressed on, but not limited to, mDA neurons in cultures of the E14 rat VM (Figure 1A, B).