This is the process by which we put our research to work using the levers of credit risk and duration to make money in the bond market and to stabilize
returns over the cycle.
Not exact matches
Moderate interest rates were associated with a whole range of subsequent
returns over the following decade, and we know that those outcomes were 90 % correlated with the level of valuations at the beginning of those periods (on reliable measures such as market cap / GDP, price / revenue, Tobin's Q, the margin - adjusted Shiller P / E, and others we've presented
over time - see Ockham's Razor and the Market
Cycle).
The most reliable measures we identify in market
cycles across history are consistent with the expectation of near zero total
returns in the S&P 500 Index
over the coming decade, and the likelihood that the market will fall by half
over the completion of the current
cycle.
If current levels were to turn out, in hindsight, to be the final lows of this decline, I suspect that the overall
return over the next
cycle (by the time we do observe a full 20 % loss) will be as tame as we've seen since the bull market started in 2003.
While valuations drive long - term
returns, the primary driver of market
returns over shorter portions of the market
cycle is the attitude of investors toward risk, as indicated by the uniformity or divergence of market internals.
The essential thing to understand about valuations is that while they are highly reliable measures of prospective long - term market
returns (particularly
over 10 - 12 year horizons), and of potential downside risk
over the completion of any market
cycle, valuations are also nearly useless
over shorter segments of the market
cycle.
Likewise, investors might have believed that the extraordinarily elevated market valuations of 1929 and 2000 were «justified» by the recent economic prosperity, but that did nothing to prevent the market collapses that completed those
cycles, with
over a decade of negative total
returns for the S&P 500 in both cases.
The main driver of market
returns over shorter segments of the market
cycle is the purely psychological inclination of investors toward speculation or risk - aversion.
Meanwhile, extreme valuations imply the likelihood of steep market losses
over the complete
cycle, and also for poor S&P 500 total
returns on a 10 - 12 year horizon, but valuations often have little effect on near - term market behavior.
When market
cycles move to extreme overvaluation or undervaluation, they become an exercise in borrowing or lending
returns to the future, and then surrendering or receiving them back
over the remaining half of the
cycle.
The only alternative to this view is to imagine that the collapses that followed valuation extremes like 1929, 1973, 2000, and 2007 somehow emerged entirely out of the blue, ignoring the fact that valuations accurately projected likely full -
cycle losses, and remained tightly correlated with total
returns over the subsequent 10 - 12 year horizons.
Valuations are the primary driver of long - term
returns, and the risk - preferences of investors — as conveyed by the uniformity or divergence of market action across a broad range of individual stocks, industries, sectors and security types (including credit)-- drive
returns over shorter portions of the market
cycle.
While long - term market
returns are driven almost exclusively by valuations, investment
returns over shorter segments of the market
cycle are highly dependent on investor psychology, particularly the inclination of investors toward speculation or risk - aversion.
Estimates of prospective long - term
returns for the S&P 500 reflect our standard valuation methodology, focusing on the relationship between current market prices and earnings, dividends and other fundamentals, adjusted for variability over the economic cycle (see for example Investment, Speculation, Valuation, and Tinker Bell, The Likely Range of Market Returns in the Coming Decade and Valuing the S&P 500 Using Forward Operating Ear
returns for the S&P 500 reflect our standard valuation methodology, focusing on the relationship between current market prices and earnings, dividends and other fundamentals, adjusted for variability
over the economic
cycle (see for example Investment, Speculation, Valuation, and Tinker Bell, The Likely Range of Market
Returns in the Coming Decade and Valuing the S&P 500 Using Forward Operating Ear
Returns in the Coming Decade and Valuing the S&P 500 Using Forward Operating Earnings).
Put simply, valuations have enormous implications for long - term investment
returns, and for prospective market losses (or gains)
over the completion of any market
cycle, especially those that feature historically extreme valuation peaks (or troughs).
Velocify has
over 10 years of experience helping mortgage companies like yours shorten the sales
cycle and expedite
return on investment
Meanwhile, it's important to understand how risk and
return work
over the course of the market
cycle, and in particular, the effect that compounding has on both
returns and losses.
«We view the story pivoting to capital
return and services from the boom - bust of iPhone
cycles over the next several years.»
Do they not understand that for future prospective
returns to normalize even moderately
over the completion of the current market
cycle (as they have done
over the completion of every market
cycle in history), much of those past realized
returns must be wiped out?
Since the inception of the Fund (as well, of course, in long - term historical tests), our present approach to risk management has both added to
returns and reduced volatility - not necessarily in any short period, but
over the complete market
cycle.
If you combine the two, it happens that the average full market
cycle is 5 years in duration, and generates an average total
return of about 10.9 %
over the entire
cycle.
In this workshop, Brandywine Global, who has been managing index - agnostic global fixed income portfolios since 1992, explains how an unconstrained global fixed income strategy can generate absolute
returns over market
cycles by identifying opportunities through country, currency, duration, and sector management strategies.
Since my impression is that the Fund continues to nicely achieve its objectives, it's important that shareholders remember that those objectives focus on achieving strong absolute and risk - adjusted
returns over the complete market
cycle (i.e. peak - to - peak, bull markets and bear markets combined).
On a 12 - year horizon, we project likely S&P 500 nominal total
returns averaging close to zero, with the likelihood of an interim market loss on the order of 50 - 60 %
over the completion of the current
cycle.
At MFS ®, we believe a flexible, adaptable approach that includes exposure to a wide range of bond sectors is one key to generating attractive risk - adjusted
returns and managing risk
over full market
cycles.
Respecting that distinction, without disregarding overvaluation, allowed us to come out ahead
over the complete market
cycle, as the 2000 - 2002 decline wiped out the entire total
return of the S&P 500, in excess of Treasury bills, all the way back to May 1996.
In fact, one can show that valuations tend to be best correlated with subsequent market
returns over periods representing roughly 0.5, 1.5 or 2.5 typical market
cycles (see my 2014 Wine Country Conference presentation, A Very Mean Reversion, for details).
While past
returns do not ensure future results, our objective is to substantially outperform a buy - and - hold approach
over the full market
cycle, with smaller periodic losses, on average.
In my view, investors who view current valuations as «justified relative to interest rates» are really saying that a decade of zero total
returns on stocks is perfectly adequate compensation for the risk of a 45 - 55 % market loss
over the completion of the current market
cycle - a decline that would historically be merely run - of - the - mill given current valuations, and that certainly can not be precluded by appealing to low interest rates.
The Canadian equity market benefited from the strength in the commodities and when this
cycle turned, so did the
returns with the U.S.. From 2010 to the end of 2014, the S&P 500
returned 15 % annualized
over the period compared to 7.5 % for the S&P / TSX Composite.
Put simply, valuation drives long - term
returns, and investor risk - preferences drive
returns over shorter portions of the market
cycle.
As a rough guide to how prospective
returns will change
over the completion of the current market
cycle, we presently estimate that in order to establish expected 10 - year S&P 500 total
returns of 5 % annually, the S&P 500 would have to decline to the mid-1500's.
However,
over a full market
cycle, each of the factors mentioned above has proven to be additive to portfolio
returns.
If a portfolio loads market risk when the likely
return / risk profile is favorable, and hedges market risk when the likely
return / risk profile is unfavorable, it's possible to achieve a very satisfactory
return / risk profile
over the full market
cycle without ever making a specific short - term forecast.
Of course, we expect the discipline of investing in alignment with the market's expected
return / risk profile, as it changes
over the course of the market
cycle, to do far better still.
Because prospective 12 - year annual market
returns have never failed to reach at least 8 % by the completion of a market
cycle, regardless of the level of interest rates, we view a 40 % market decline as a rather minimal target
over the completion of this market
cycle.
That combination of improved valuation and early improvement in market action emerges
over the completion of every market
cycle, and is associated with the strongest estimated market
return / risk profile we identify.
What's important in terms of gauging investment confidence is that the maturing Asia - Pacific industry has locked in on the virtuous capital
cycle: Limited partners (LPs) have been cash - positive in the region
over the past few years, meaning GPs continue to find ways to
return more capital to investors than they are drawing down for new investments.
The Fund will attempt to produce a total
return in excess of the
return of the S&P 500 Index, and secondarily, the Russell 1000 Value Index
over a full market
cycle.
Looking back through history, whenever value stocks have gotten this cheap, subsequent long - term
returns have generally been strong.3 From current depressed valuation levels, value stocks have in the past, on average, doubled
over the next five years.4 Not that we necessarily expect
returns of this magnitude this time around, but based on the data and our six decades of experience investing through various market
cycles, we believe the current risk / reward proposition is heavily skewed in favor of long - term value investors.
As a result, the most historically reliable valuation measures now suggest that the S&P 500 will experience a net loss
over the coming decade, while including broader (if slightly less reliable) measures results in projected S&P 500 10 - year annual nominal total
returns of about 1.4 % annually (see Ockham's Razor and the Market
Cycle for the arithmetic behind these estimates).
«True managers need to be tested in multiple business
cycles to prove their compound annual
return is consistent
over long periods of time» Thomas Kahn
I wouldn't waste much ink trying to argue this is a fantastic business, but because of strong market share,
over a
cycle NOV has earned a decent
return on capital.
He recognized early on that applying leverage to safe, cheap, high - quality stocks would magnify
returns without the risk of fire - sale, allowing him to stick to the principles outlined above
over the course of multiple economic and market
cycles.
Figure 2 shows that during past rate - hike
cycles, muni bonds not only continued to generate positive performance
over the entire course of the rate - hike
cycle, but also managed to generate positive
returns immediately after each rate hike.
As I've emphasized in prior market comments, valuations are the primary driver of investment
returns over a 10 - 12 year horizon, and of prospective losses
over the completion of any market
cycle, but they are rather useless indications of near - term
returns.
Estimates of prospective long - term
returns for the S&P 500 reflect our standard valuation methodology, focusing on the relationship between current market prices and earnings, dividends and other fundamentals, adjusted for variability
over the economic
cycle.
A month ago, I noted that prevailing valuation extremes implied negative total
returns for the S&P 500 on 10 - 12 year horizon, and losses on the order of two - thirds of the market's value
over the completion of the current market
cycle.
The central message of our discipline is that valuations are enormously informative about prospects for long - term and full -
cycle returns, but that outcomes
over shorter segments of the market
cycle are driven by changes in the psychological preferences of investors toward speculation or risk - aversion.
Oh well, it will all be
over soon... The planters of our Garden of Eden will
return during the galactic alignment scheduled to occur on Dec. 21st and harvest the bounty of humans for their 26,000 year feeding
cycle.