Sentences with phrase «review of studies evaluating»

The ban worked: A recent systematic review of studies evaluating access to guns and its association with suicide and homicide identified no relevant studies published since 2005.

A review of studies evaluating court - ordered desegregation concluded that «the circumstantial case linking school segregation to the test score gap is compelling» (Vigdor & Ludwig, 2008, p. 208).

A review of studies evaluating various therapies utilized in rehabilitation from anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery provides additional support for guidelines issued by a multi-center group of 20 clinicians in 2001 (dubbed the MOON guidelines), and establishes that most have a sound basis in science.

Not exact matches

The IARC evaluates substances suspected of causing cancer in humans, and arrives at its classifications by convening a working group of international experts to review and assess the strength and quality of the evidence — in this case, more than 800 studies.

The present review evaluates the evidence for such a complex system by investigating studies in which interventions such as elevated temperature, altered oxygen content of the air, reduced fuel availability and misinformation about distance covered have resulted in alterations to the pacing strategy.

For this debut issue, the Journal of Attachment Parenting highlights 41 studies selected through a review process that evaluated articles published in high - quality, peer - reviewed journals from around the world.

None of the funds made available by this Act may be used to implement an interim final or final rule regarding nutrition programs under the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.) and the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1771 et seq.) that --(1) requires crediting of tomato paste and puree based on volume; (2) implements a sodium reduction target beyond Target I, the 2 - year target, specified in Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, «Nutrition Standards in the National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs» (FNS — 2007 — 0038, RIN 0584 — AD59) until the Secretary certifies that the Department has reviewed and evaluated relevant scientific studies and data relevant to the relationship of sodium reductions to human health; and (3) establishes any whole grain requirement without defining «whole grain.»

NHERI executes, evaluates, and disseminates studies and information (e.g., statistics, facts, data) on homeschooling (i.e., home schooling, home - based education, home education, home school, home - schooling, unschooling, deschooling, a form of alternative education), publishes reports and the peer - reviewed scholarly journal Home School Researcher, and serves in consulting, academic achievement tests, and expert witness (in courts and legislatures).

Declan Devane is a co-author in one of the included trials in this review (Begley 2011) Jane Sandall was and is principal investigator for two studies evaluating models of midwife - led continuity of care (Sandall 2001), and co-investigator on the «Birthplace in England Research Programme», an integrated programme of research designed to compare outcomes of births for women planned at home, in different types of midwifery units, and in hospital units with obstetric services.

This is believed to be the first study to use a rigorous nutritional analysis to evaluate healthfulness of food and drinks marketed by music stars, reviewing dozens of advertisements that were disseminated over a 14 - year period.

This study was a systematic review that evaluated published research investigations that have directly measured the calorie cost of yoga and calculated the metabolic intensity (METS) of individual yoga poses including a popular sequence called «sun salutations.»

The study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, evaluated existing peer reviewed studies on the impact of marine reserves around the world.

In this article, Dr David Kristensen and colleagues from Copenhagen University Hospital, review the findings from three individual rodent studies that evaluated the effects of paracetamol taken during pregnancy on the development of the reproductive system in female offspring.

In 2006 the American Psychological Association (APA) assembled a task force of researchers with wide - ranging expertise to evaluate all peer - reviewed studies published in English since 1989 (when the last such review was conducted) that compared the mental health of women who had an abortion with that of other women.

The review included data from 17 studies on various aspects of problem gambling published between 2002 and 2015 — ranging from evaluating treatment effectiveness, to GA / / culture characteristics and differences in gender experiences.

Lee and Moher suggest that large experimental studies are needed to judge the effectiveness of different web - based peer review templates to enforce reporting standards, and of ways one might train authors, reviewers and editors to use such tools and evaluate research.

In a review of existing literature, Marteau did find descriptions of nudging being used to improve health behaviors — one study reports a 70 % increase in the amount of fruit bought by school children at lunchtime after fruit was placed by the cash register — but these interventions have not been evaluated on a large scale or assessed for cost - effectiveness.

The USPSTF based its recommendations on a meta - analysis of 136 clinical trials, observational studies and a systematic review evaluating the effects of supplementation on fracture and cancer risk.

Of the 32 studies included in the review, there were 22 analyses evaluating the economic benefits of long - and intermediate - acting insuliOf the 32 studies included in the review, there were 22 analyses evaluating the economic benefits of long - and intermediate - acting insuliof long - and intermediate - acting insulin.

These findings are generally consistent with those from recent systematic reviews, some of which also included trials of statins for secondary prevention.47,51 - 53 Similar to other meta - analyses of primary and secondary prevention trials, 54,55 this review found no association between use of statins and increased risk of muscle - related harms, although some observational studies and randomized rechallenge trials found statins associated with increased risk of myopathy or joint - related symptoms.56 - 58 The large HOPE - 3 trial found statins associated with increased risk of cataract surgery, an unanticipated finding.14 No other trial of statins for primary prevention evaluated risk of cataracts or cataract surgery.

For instance, the 2015 session on evaluating research development services helped me to take a leap forward in developing metrics and methods for evaluating our own services, and the session sharing findings from comparative study of proposal review criteria at federal agencies has translated to remarkable efficiencies for myself and my faculty.

Two independent reviewers evaluated the abstracts for inclusion, reviewed full texts of eligible studies, and abstracted data.

However, when 50 children were evaluated with the Autism Diagnostic Interview — Revised 35 and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule — Generic, 36 94 % met criteria for ASD on both instruments, and 100 % met criteria on at least 1 instrument.37 Record - review validation studies conducted by the investigators demonstrate that the predictors of valid ASD diagnoses were having more than 2 diagnoses in the medical record.38 Most influenza infections in our study were determined from International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnostic codes rather than serologic evidence.

CSR organizes the peer review groups or study sections that evaluate the majority (70 %) of the research grant applications sent to NIH.

In 1996, in response to these concerns, Varmus, then director of NIH, impaneled a group of experienced clinical investigators and academic health center administrators to make recommendations that might guide the NIH toward policy changes to alleviate the concerns in the clinical research community.14 Several of the panel's recommendations have been implemented, including increased support of the General Clinical Research Center budget, expanded support of training in clinical research, and the establishment of NIH - sponsored educational debt relief programs for clinical investigators.15 - 18 The panel also recommended restructuring of NIH peer review groups so that patient - oriented grant applications would be evaluated by study sections in which at least half the grant applications involve patient - oriented research.

We encourage readers to evaluate the rationale for the discussion of biases within the studies as these represent a critical component — transparency — of the systematic review methodology.

Another systematic review limited to primary prevention trials also found no association with increased risk of diabetes (4 trials; RR, 1.05 [95 % CI, 0.84 to 1.32]-RRB-.48 However, individual trials were inconsistent, with 1 large trial (JUPITER) reporting an increased risk (3.0 % vs 2.4 %; RR, 1.25 [95 % CI, 1.05 to 1.49]-RRB-.29 The JUPITER study was the only primary prevention trial reporting diabetes risk that evaluated high - potency statin therapy.

In a review article of 107 published research studies designed to evaluate changes in weight among adults using low - carbohydrate diets in the outpatient setting, Bravata (8) found that weight loss while using low - carbohydrate diets was principally associated with decreased caloric intake and increased diet duration, but not with reduced carbohydrate content.

But when the researchers reviewed scientific literature on the bioactivity of chamomile, they discovered no human clinical studies which evaluated this calming effect.

The relationship between too much salt intake and cardiovascular disease was confirmed in a large review study published in the «British Medical Journal» in 2009, in which more than 177,000 human subjects were evaluated for their salt intake and incidence of heart disease and stroke.

The epidemiological studies evaluating the risk of spontaneous abortion from caffeine exposure, as reviewed by Peck1 and Brent2 have been inconsistent.

Lee and colleagues conducted an overview of 10 systematic reviews that evaluated the efficacy of aromatherapy (with and without massage) in reducing hypertension, depression, anxiety, pain relief, and symptoms of dementia.26 The authors determined that, though three of the reviews were of good methodological quality, many of the primary studies they evaluated were not.

Design: A systematic review of the published literature through January 2015 was performed by using sensitive search strategies to identify randomized controlled clinical trials that evaluated the effects of fasting on either clinically relevant surrogate outcomes (e.g., weight, cholesterol) or actual clinical event endpoints [e.g., diabetes, coronary artery disease (CAD)-RSB- and any other studies that evaluated the effects of fasting on clinical event outcomes.

In evaluating the adaptogenic properties of Siberian ginseng, a large study reviewed the results of a number of clinical trials involving 2,100 healthy men and women ages 19 to 72.

When the American Academy of Environmental Medicine evaluated the animal feeding studies, he peer reviewed public studies on GMOs, they found that the animals that were fed GMOs, compared to the controls, suffered from gastrointestinal problems.

To specifically address these questions, recent review articles published in influential, peer - reviewed publications were selected for this current discussion, as these review articles rigorously evaluate and summarize findings across a number of scientific studies and provide the overall «state of knowledge.»

Instead of reviewing studies that evaluate the program, we are left to guess at its likely effect on children.

During an introductory session in the first year of the study, the preservice teachers discussed their students» needs, explored iPad apps, and reviewed a rubric that they could use to evaluate the apps (Walker, 2011).

In his review of implementation studies, O'Toole (2000) encountered a «bewildering array of variables» that scholars have used to identify, measure, and evaluate activities that are in some ways related to implementation.

To answer our third research question, we carefully examined which of several possible methodological and procedural features were associated with better outcomes, although some variables could not be evaluated in each review because of the way the studies were conducted and reported.

Although numerous reviews have examined the credibility of climate researchers (Anderegg et al. 2010), the scientific consensus on climate change (Doran and Kendall Zimmerman 2009) and the complexity of media reporting (Corner et al. 2012), few studies have undertaken an empirical review of the publication record to evaluate the existence of publication biases in climate change science.

One recent study, for example, presented a thorough and careful scrutiny of hundreds of peer - reviewed scientific publications evaluating the accuracy and capability of climate models to simulate the response of a number of important climatic phenomena to rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations.

The review of studies examines how NERC reliability authorities, including local and regional transmission planners and operators, have evaluated potential impacts of the CPP.

In addition, the review includes commentary on human studies that have evaluated effects related to exposures to low frequency sound and infra sound and proposed mechanisms of action.

The review study found that high - resolution mixed layer ocean models can represent some of the complicated air - sea interactions and recommended that scientists use coupled simulations and evaluate them in terms of the observed relationship between convection and sea surface temperature and associated variables.

Of all the points made by S&N, perhaps the most telling is in a follow - up post on the Breakthrough Institute blog: «Nearly every profession, from public health to business to law, has research studies, conferences, and peer - review journals dedicated to evaluating what's working and what's not.

The most comprehensive peer - reviewed studies done by independent scientists evaluate air pollution, worker safety, and all of the other risks in energy production and find that nuclear is safer than coal, oil, natural gas, and even solar.20, 21

CAP said that its study was based on data from the National Assessment of Educational Progress, a test administered to students every two years by the U.S. Department of Education, as well as a state - by - state review of state department of education websites to see if states had evaluated the return on their technology - related spending.

Determines training requirements by studying sales and marketing strategic plans and current sales results; conferring with sales executives; reviewing results of trainer coaching; evaluating training effectiveness.

AREAS OF EXPERTISE Organising shipments Warehouse management Distribution management Inventory management Waste management Logistics processes Reviewing supply networks Evaluating quotations Preparing contracts Administration Operational performance ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS University name - Degree details Study Dates College name - Qualifications Study Dates School name - Subjects / Grades Study Dates