Sentences with phrase «rheoreversible fracturing fluid»

High - volume hydraulic fracturing — the focus of recent attention and public concern — is defined by the state of Michigan as activity that is intended to use more than 100,000 gallons of hydraulic fracturing fluid.

The chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing fluid are considered proprietary, and the magnitude and frequency of water - contamination events are not well - documented.

If they find that the contamination did result from drilling, the placid plains arching up to the Wind River Range would become the first site where fracturing fluids have been scientifically linked to groundwater contamination.

Even in a seemingly implausible accidental - release scenario in which all of a well's hydraulic fracturing fluid and untreated wastewater were discharged directly into surface waters for the lifetime of the well, shale - gas electricity had a lower lifetime human toxicity impact, or HTI, than coal electricity, according to the study.

Data from 2,900 hydraulically fractured wells in the state were used to estimate potential releases of fracturing fluid chemicals and wastewater.

Of particular concern were compounds called adamantanes, a natural hydrocarbon found in gas that can be used to fingerprint its origin, and 2 - BE, listed as a common fracturing fluid in the EPA's 2004 research report on hydraulic fracturing.

For the hydraulic fracturing system, the study estimated the toxicity of the fracturing fluid chemicals used to crack rock and release natural gas, as well as the wastewater associated with shale - gas extraction.

«The presence of synthetic compounds such as glycol ethers... and the assortment of other organic components is explained as the result of direct mixing of hydraulic fracturing fluids with ground water in the Pavillion gas field,» the draft report states.

Instead of pumping millions of gallons of water and fracturing fluid into the earth, the company GasFrac used a liquefied petroleum gas gel — propane gas compressed into a thick fluid — to break up the rock.

A bill now under consideration on Capitol Hill would grant the EPA oversight of fracking and force drilling companies, which are currently exempt from portions of the Clean Water Act, to disclose the chemicals they use in fracturing fluids.

The researchers believe that a limited recovery of fracturing fluids — one well retrieved only 7 % of its fluids — pressurized a fault that extended down to the crystalline basement, resulting in the series of quakes over several months.

The group, led by Carlos Fernandez, Ph.D., at PNNL, has developed a new fracturing fluid that uses an environmentally friendly polymer to create tiny cracks in bedrock deep below the surface of the earth.

Tracer or sensor particles added to fracturing fluids help solve that problem, but there's plenty of room for optimization, especially in minimizing the volume of nanoparticles used now, he said.

Image courtesy: Michigan Department of Environmental QualityHigh - volume hydraulic fracturing — the focus of recent attention and public concern — is defined by the state of Michigan as activity that is intended to use more than 100,000 gallons of hydraulic fracturing fluid.

StimuFrac is a carbon - dioxide - activated, rheoreversible fracturing fluid that can enhance permeability through fracturing via volume expansion and gel formation.

The injection of the hydraulic fracturing fluids creates channels for flow in the formations (often shale formations), allowing methane and other hydrocarbon gases and liquids in the formation to migrate to the production well.

(This «produced water» is a mix of fracturing fluid and water from the rock layers being drilled.)

We are working with Rice University to develop a new tracer technology for hydraulic fracturing fluids.

We have found that the DNA - based tracer survives when mixed with samples of hydraulic fracturing fluid and flowback fluid.

The shale energy surge also is spurring innovation: waterless hydraulic fracturing fluid, methods to decontaminate and recycle water used in fracking and more.

Ohio is in the final stages of making an Exxon trojan horse on hydrofracking into state law, and it appears that the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) connected Exxon's lawyers with co-sponsors of Ohio Senate Bill 315: at least 33 of the 45 Ohio legislators who co-sponsored SB 315 are ALEC members, and language from portions of the state Senate bill is similar to ALEC's «Disclosure of Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid Composition Act.»

A 2014 report from the Groundwater Protection Council documented «continuous and significant regulatory improvement by state oil and gas agencies across the county» and concluded «the risk of fracture fluid intrusion into groundwater from the hydraulic fracturing of deeper conventional and unconventional oil and gas zones can be considered very low.»

Reps. Henry Waxman (D - CA), Edward Markey (D - MA) and Diana DeGette (D - CO) sent a letter to the Environmental Protection Agency today following an investigation into the use of diesel in fracturing fluids.

We found no evidence for contamination of drinking - water samples with deep saline brines or fracturing fluids.

Second, hydraulic fracturing fluid may come back to the surface, or near enough, to affect groundwater supplies.

More on Fracking: Hydraulic Fracturing For Natural Gas Development Gets Added Regulatory Scrutiny US Congress May Undo Cheney's «Fracing» Exemption Tracer In The Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid: Accountability For...

The result is a 60 - page Watershed Plan [5](PDF) that dictates that Genesis will only use «green» hydraulic fracturing fluids, will reveal the chemical makeup of those fluids and will inject a tracer along with those fluids so any alleged contamination in the area can be quickly linked to its source.

Todd Wynn writes how «ALEC has been at the forefront of the effort to retain state sovereignty over hydraulic fracturing, and our recently adopted model bill, the Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid Disclosure Composition Act, aims to preempt the promulgation of duplicative, burdensome federal regulations from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).»

Not exact matches

Apex Resources enders completion fluids, chemical additives, and oil - field services for hydraulic fracturing applications.

Marbles in metamorphic aureoles and iron - rich skarns appear to be favored sites for gold mineralization in these deposits, perhaps due to the rheological character, permeability after fracturing, and chemical reactivity of those rocks to alteration by hydrothermal fluids.

Signs of a skull fracture (a swollen, soft area on their scalp, blood in the whites of the eyes or blood or pink fluid draining from the ears or eyes.

Though the fluids were natural and not the byproduct of drilling or hydraulic fracturing, the finding further stokes the red - hot controversy over fracking in the Marcellus Shale, suggesting that drilling waste and chemicals could migrate in ways previously thought to be impossible.

«If you have high enough pressure, the fluid could just force its way down the fractured pathways,» she says.

That surge has coincided in time and place with the boom in unconventional oil and gas extraction such as hydraulic fracturing, or «fracking,» in which high - pressure fluid is injected into the ground to break up the underlying rock and release trapped gas or oil.

Other human activites linked to seismic activity include hydraulic fracturing, in which a water mixture gets pumped underground to break up rocks and release gas, and fluid withdrawal, which can refer to the withdrawal of oil and gas, groundwater or hot water / steam for geothermal power, the USGS says.

Previous studies have shown that fracking fluids contain high levels of salts, barium and radioactive elements, in addition to human - made chemicals added in the process of hydraulic fracturing.

«It had previously been believed that hydraulic fracturing couldn't trigger larger earthquakes because the fluid volumes were so small compared to that of a disposal well,» Atkinson explained.

As hellish as the impact was, the team suspects that the buried peak ring itself may have been an early place for life to return, because of the nutrients in the hot fluid - filled fractures.

Both fracking and wastewater injections can increase the fluid pressure in the natural pores and fractures in rock, or change the state of stress on existing faults, to produce earthquakes.

«The operation of an enhanced geothermal system uses the injection of a fluid (water or carbon dioxide) to extract thermal energy from the rock located a few thousand metres below the surface, and whose permeability has been improved or stimulated previously with fracturing processes,» explains César Chamorro, one of the authors.

Before the quake, that fractured region had already been weakened by pressurized fluids mixed in with the rock, the researchers propose online January 8 in Science Advances.

«By using this process, the hydraulic fracturing industry will be able to infer how potential fluid injection operations can change the movement of the fault systems,» says the lead author of the study Jeoung Seok Yoon, Helmholtz - Centre Potsdam — GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences.

So monitoring where future quakes fracture rock will help scientists better understand how the fluids that help spawn earthquakes disperse around Earth's crust, says study coauthor Esteban Chaves.

Those genes might show that peak ring microbes — descendants of those that lived after the impact — derive their energy not from carbon and oxygen, like most microbes, but from iron or sulfur deposited by hot fluids percolating through the fractured rock.

They argue that the blowout fractured overlying rock and allowed fluid to escape to the surface.

But according to a panel of geologists at the AAAS Annual Meeting, the culprit isn't hydraulic fracturing, or «fracking,» in which geologists crack open subsurface rocks to extract oil and gas; instead, it's the processes associated with pumping wastewater and other fluids back into the ground.

Researchers behind the latest study said that changing these parameters might lead to different horizontal extents of fractures from fluid injection points.

Fracking — or hydraulic fracturing — is a process in which rocks are deliberately fractured to release oil or gas by injecting highly pressurised fluid into a borehole.

The team is planning lab studies to measure the level at which the fluid can be recycled as well as its ability to fracture larger pieces of rock.

They looked both at wells used for enhanced oil recovery — in which fluid is injected to flush lingering oil from a depleted reservoir — and at those used to dispose of wastewater from conventional oil and gas extraction or from hydraulic fracturing (fracking).